MediaTek MT7922 Bluetooth Fix for Linux

🔧 Complete solution for MediaTek MT7922 Bluetooth connectivity issues on Linux systems

📋 Table of Contents

• Problem Description
• Quick Fix
• Scripts Included
• Manual Solutions
• Supported Hardware
• Installation
• Usage
• Troubleshooting
• Educational Resources
• Contributing
• License

🚨 Problem Description

Many modern laptops ship with MediaTek MT7922 wireless adapters that combine WiFi and Bluetooth functionality. While WiFi typically works out-of-the-box on Linux distributions, Bluetooth often fails with these symptoms:

Common Issues:

• ❌ "No default controller available" in bluetoothctl
• ❌ No Bluetooth option in system settings
• ❌ Empty output from bluetoothctl list
• ❌ Hardware detected by lsusb but non-functional Bluetooth
• ❌ Bluetooth works intermittently or stops after suspend

Root Causes:

• Missing or incorrect Bluetooth firmware
• Improper driver binding (btusb/btmtk)
• USB power management issues
• Wrong kernel module loading order
• Outdated Linux kernel (<6.10)

🚀 Quick Fix

Prerequisites

# Check your hardware
lsusb | grep -i mediatek
lspci | grep -i mediatek

# Check kernel version (6.10+ recommended)
uname -r

One-Command Fix

wget -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/mohdsami91/mt7922-bluetooth-fix/main/bluetooth_troubleshoot_script.sh | bash

Or download and run manually:

git clone https://github.com/mohdsami91/mt7922-bluetooth-fix.git
cd mt7922-bluetooth-fix
chmod +x bluetooth_troubleshoot_script.sh
./bluetooth_troubleshoot_script.sh

📄 Scripts Included

1. bluetooth_troubleshoot_script.sh

Main fix script - Comprehensive automated solution

Features:

• ✅ Hardware detection and validation
• ✅ Automatic firmware download and installation
• ✅ Module loading and service restart
• ✅ USB power management fixes
• ✅ RFKILL unblocking
• ✅ Status verification and reporting

Usage:

./bluetooth_troubleshoot_script.sh

2. bluetooth_diagnostic_commands.sh

Advanced diagnostics - Deep hardware and driver analysis

Features:

• 🔍 Detailed hardware detection
• 🔍 Driver binding analysis
• 🔍 Firmware status checking
• 🔍 USB interface examination
• 🔍 Kernel message analysis

Usage:

./bluetooth_diagnostic_commands.sh

3. mt7922_bluetooth_fix.sh

Legacy fix script - Basic firmware and module management

Usage:

./mt7922_bluetooth_fix.sh

4. kernel_upgrade_script.sh

Kernel upgrade helper - For systems with older kernels

Usage:

./kernel_upgrade_script.sh

🛠️ Manual Solutions

If scripts don't work, try these manual fixes:

Fix 1: Force Driver Binding

# Get your device Product ID
lsusb | grep -i mediatek

# Force bind to btusb driver (replace XXXX with your product ID)
echo '0e8d XXXX' | sudo tee /sys/bus/usb/drivers/btusb/new_id

Fix 2: Manual Firmware Installation

# Download latest firmware
cd /tmp
wget https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/plain/mediatek/BT_RAM_CODE_MT7922_1_1_hdr.bin

# Install firmware
sudo mkdir -p /lib/firmware/mediatek
sudo cp BT_RAM_CODE_MT7922_1_1_hdr.bin /lib/firmware/mediatek/

# Reload modules
sudo modprobe -r btusb btmtk
sudo modprobe btmtk
sudo modprobe btusb

Fix 3: USB Power Management

# Disable USB auto-suspend for MediaTek devices
for device in /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/idVendor; do
    if [ -f "$device" ] && [ "$(cat $device)" = "0e8d" ]; then
        echo 'on' | sudo tee $(dirname $device)/power/control
    fi
done

Fix 4: Module Loading Order

# Load modules in correct order
sudo modprobe -r btusb btmtk btintel btrtl
sudo modprobe bluetooth
sudo modprobe btmtk
sudo modprobe btusb
sudo systemctl restart bluetooth

🖥️ Supported Hardware

Device	Vendor ID	Product ID	Status
MT7922	0e8d	7961	✅ Supported
MT7922	0e8d	7922	✅ Supported
MT7921	0e8d	7961	⚠️ Limited

Tested Systems:

• Linux Mint 21.3+ ✅
• Ubuntu 22.04+ ✅
• Pop!_OS 22.04+ ✅
• Kernel 6.14+ ✅ (Full support)
• Kernel 6.10-6.13 ⚠️ (Partial support)
• Kernel <6.10 ❌ (Not supported)

📦 Installation

Clone Repository

git clone https://github.com/mohdsami91/mt7922-bluetooth-fix.git
cd mt7922-bluetooth-fix

Make Scripts Executable

chmod +x *.sh

🎮 Usage

Step 1: Run Diagnostics (Optional)

./bluetooth_diagnostic_commands.sh

This will show detailed information about your hardware and help identify specific issues.

Step 2: Apply Main Fix

./bluetooth_troubleshoot_script.sh

This script will attempt to fix most common issues automatically.

Step 3: Reboot

sudo reboot

Step 4: Test Bluetooth

# Check if controller is detected
bluetoothctl list

# Start scanning for devices
bluetoothctl
power on
agent on
default-agent
scan on

🔧 Troubleshooting

Still Not Working?

1. Check kernel version:

   uname -r
   # If < 6.10, run: ./kernel_upgrade_script.sh

2. Verify hardware detection:

   lsusb | grep -i mediatek
   dmesg | grep -i bluetooth | tail -10

3. Check firmware loading:

   dmesg | grep -i firmware
   ls -la /lib/firmware/mediatek/

4. Manual USB reset:

   sudo usb_modeswitch -v 0e8d -p XXXX --reset-usb

Common Error Messages:

Error	Solution
"No default controller available"	Run bluetooth_troubleshoot_script.sh
"Operation not permitted"	Check RFKILL: sudo rfkill unblock all
"Firmware loading failed"	Manual firmware installation (see above)
"Device not found"	USB power management fix

📚 Educational Resources

This repository also includes educational materials for understanding Linux Bluetooth driver development:

Driver Development Template

• mt7922_bluetooth.c - Basic driver structure (educational only)
• Makefile - Build system for kernel modules
• Driver development documentation

⚠️ Note: These are for learning purposes only. For production use, always use the existing btmtk kernel driver.

Learning Resources:

• Linux Kernel Bluetooth Subsystem
• USB Driver Development
• MediaTek MT7922 Specifications

🤝 Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Here's how you can help:

Reporting Issues

1. Run ./bluetooth_diagnostic_commands.sh
2. Create an issue with the full output
3. Include your system information:

   uname -a
   lsb_release -a
   lsusb | grep -i mediatek

Adding Support for New Hardware

1. Fork the repository
2. Test scripts on your hardware
3. Update hardware compatibility table
4. Submit a pull request

Code Contributions

1. Follow existing script structure
2. Add error handling and logging
3. Test on multiple distributions
4. Update documentation

📝 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

🙏 Acknowledgments

• Linux kernel developers working on MediaTek support
• Community members who reported and tested fixes
• MediaTek