build: add flag to compile V8 with Temporal support

[aduh95]

N.B.: it only works if you provide the temporal_capi a shared library.

I've tested it with:

• shared ICU: nix-shell --arg withTemporal true --run 'make build-ci -j12'
• without ICU: nix-shell --arg icu null --arg withTemporal true --run 'make build-ci -j12'
• small ICU: nix-shell --argstr icu small --arg withTemporal true --run 'make build-ci -j12'

I needed to apply the following patch, IIUC that's related to targeting a different version of temporal_capi (already fixed upstream v8/v8@0cbecc1 and v8/v8@e0dc7e8), and V8 using some non-exposed ICU internals.

diff --git a/deps/v8/src/objects/js-date-time-format.cc b/deps/v8/src/objects/js-date-time-format.cc
index 496ce5325ac..2be0ada1992 100644
--- a/deps/v8/src/objects/js-date-time-format.cc
+++ b/deps/v8/src/objects/js-date-time-format.cc
@@ -946,8 +946,6 @@ bool CalendarEquals(temporal_rs::AnyCalendarKind kind,
     case HijriTabularTypeIIFriday:
       return other_kind == "islamic-civil" || other_kind == "islamicc" ||
              other_kind == "islamic";
-    case HijriSimulatedMecca:
-      return other_kind == "islamic-rgsa" || other_kind == "islamic";
     case HijriTabularTypeIIThursday:
       return other_kind == "islamic-tbla" || other_kind == "islamic";
     case HijriUmmAlQura:
diff --git a/deps/v8/src/objects/js-temporal-zoneinfo64.cc b/deps/v8/src/objects/js-temporal-zoneinfo64.cc
index 99dd3a84c1e..b6b399c10dc 100644
--- a/deps/v8/src/objects/js-temporal-zoneinfo64.cc
+++ b/deps/v8/src/objects/js-temporal-zoneinfo64.cc
@@ -11,12 +11,44 @@
 #include "temporal_rs/TimeZone.hpp"
 
 #ifdef V8_INTL_SUPPORT
-#include "udatamem.h"
+#include "unicode/udata.h"
+typedef struct  {
+    uint16_t    headerSize;
+    uint8_t     magic1;
+    uint8_t     magic2;
+} MappedData;
+typedef struct  {
+    MappedData  dataHeader;
+    UDataInfo   info;
+} DataHeader;
+typedef struct {
+    void*  Lookup;
+    void*  NumEntries; 
+} commonDataFuncs;
+struct UDataMemory {
+    const commonDataFuncs  *vFuncs;      /* Function Pointers for accessing TOC             */
+
+    const DataHeader *pHeader;     /* Header of the memory being described by this    */
+                                   /*   UDataMemory object.                           */
+    const void       *toc;         /* For common memory, table of contents for        */
+                                   /*   the pieces within.                            */
+    UBool             heapAllocated;  /* True if this UDataMemory Object is on the    */
+                                   /*  heap and thus needs to be deleted when closed. */
+
+    void             *mapAddr;     /* For mapped or allocated memory, the start addr. */
+                                   /* Only non-null if a close operation should unmap */
+                                   /*  the associated data.                           */
+    void             *map;         /* Handle, or other data, OS dependent.            */
+                                   /* Only non-null if a close operation should unmap */
+                                   /*  the associated data, and additional info       */
+                                   /*   beyond the mapAddr is needed to do that.      */
+    int32_t           length;      /* Length of the data in bytes; -1 if unknown.     */
+};
 #else
 // Defined in builtins-temporal-zoneinfo64-data.cc, generated by
 // include-file-as-bytes.py
-extern "C" uint32_t zoneinfo64_static_data[];
-extern "C" size_t zoneinfo64_static_data_len;
+static uint32_t zoneinfo64_static_data[] = {};
+static size_t zoneinfo64_static_data_len = 0;
 #endif
 
 namespace v8::internal {
@@ -33,7 +65,7 @@ ZoneInfo64Provider::ZoneInfo64Provider() {
   // NOT udata_getLength: this ignores the header,
   // and we're parsing resb files with the header
   auto length = memory->length;
-  const void* data = udata_getRawMemory(memory);
+  const void* data = udata_getMemory(memory);
   DCHECK_WITH_MSG(length % 4 == 0, "ICU4C should align udata to uint32_t");
   if (length % 4 != 0) {
     // This really shouldn't happen: ICU4C aligns these files
-- 
2.51.0

The first commit is cherry-picked from #60693, cc @targos

Refs: #58730

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/gyp
• @nodejs/v8-update

[legendecas]

For static library support: #60703 :D