[GR-62459] Make AnnotationParser layer aware

[graalvmbot]

The substitued AnnotationParser goes through the MetadataAccessor instead of the constant pool to get the reflection metadata, which requires a layer number to know in which layer's metadata to go look into.

Sadly, the AnnotationParser methods lose track of the initial class that was queried and only keeps track of the constant pool, which is always null in Native Image.

To keep track of the layer number, the substitued constant pool now contains a layerId field that is set by the DynamicHub. This is only done in Layered Image, so the performance in default Native Image is not affected.