The Complete Guide to Migrating to GitHub Enterprise Managed Users - Part 2: Pre-Migration Preparation

[jmassardo]

The Complete Guide to Migrating to GitHub Enterprise Managed Users - Part 2: Pre-Migration Preparation

📚 Series: The Complete Guide to Migrating to GitHub Enterprise Managed Users
This is Part 2 of 6 in the EMU migration guide series.

Part	Topic
Part 1: Discovery & Decision	Define goals, evaluate fit, get buy-in
Part 2: Pre-Migration Preparation (You are here)	Inventory, cleanup, IdP readiness, user communication
Part 3: Identity & Access Setup	Configure SCIM, provision users, set up teams
Part 4: Security & Compliance	Audit logging, security hardening, CI/CD, integrations
Part 5: Migration Execution	Run GEI, migrate repos, reclaim mannequins
Part 6: Validation & Adoption	Testing, user training, OSS strategy, go-live

---

Phase 2: Pre-Migration Preparation

Cleaning up the old environment and getting ready to move.

This phase is where you do the unglamorous but critical work: auditing what you have, cleaning up what you don't need, and ensuring your identity infrastructure is ready. Skipping this phase leads to painful surprises during migration.

Pre-Migration Requirements Checklist

Before you even think about scheduling a migration window, you need to ensure your foundation is solid.

1. Identity Provider Readiness

EMU requires a compatible identity provider. GitHub has "paved-path" integrations with these partner IdPs:

Identity Provider	SAML SSO	OIDC SSO	SCIM Provisioning
Microsoft Entra ID (Azure AD)	✅	✅	✅
Okta	✅	❌	✅
PingFederate	✅	❌	✅

Critical Note: The combination of Okta and Entra ID for SSO and SCIM (in either order) is explicitly not supported. GitHub's SCIM API will return errors if this combination is configured.

If you're using a non-partner IdP, you can still configure EMU, but your system must:

• Adhere to GitHub's integration guidelines
• Provide authentication using SAML 2.0 specification
• Provide user lifecycle management using SCIM 2.0 specification
• Communicate with GitHub's REST API for SCIM

See Configuring SCIM provisioning for Enterprise Managed Users for detailed setup instructions.

2. Inventory Your Current State

Before migrating, you need a complete picture of what you're moving. Use the gh-repo-stats extension for GitHub CLI to generate a full inventory:

# Install the extension
gh extension install mona-actions/gh-repo-stats

# Generate inventory for your organization
gh repo-stats --org your-org-name --output inventory.csv

Your inventory should capture:

• Repository names and owners
• Last updated timestamps
• Pull request and issue counts
• Repository sizes (especially large files)
• Team structures and permissions
• Active integrations and webhooks
• GitHub Actions workflows

3. Assess Repository Sizes

Large repositories can significantly impact migration time and success. Use git-sizer to analyze each repository:

# Clone the repository
git clone --mirror https://github.com/org/repo.git

# Navigate to the cloned repo
cd repo.git

# Get the size of the largest file
git-sizer --no-progress -j | jq ".max_blob_size"

# Get total size of all files
git-sizer --no-progress -j | jq ".unique_blob_size"

If you have files over 100MB in your repository history, consider using Git LFS or rewriting history before migration.

4. User Communication Plan

This is often overlooked, but arguably the most important step. Your users will experience:

• New usernames (their handle plus your enterprise shortcode)
• Loss of ability to contribute to public repositories
• Different authentication flow
• Potential loss of contribution history if not properly attributed

Start communicating early and often. Create documentation, hold training sessions, and set up a support channel for questions.

5. Pre-Migration Cleanup

Don't migrate your mess; clean house first. Every piece of technical debt, every abandoned repository, every stale PR you migrate is technical debt you're paying to move. Take this opportunity to start fresh.

Archive Unused Repositories

Identify and archive repositories that are no longer actively maintained:

# Find repositories with no activity in the last year
gh api graphql -f query='
query($org: String!, $cursor: String) {
  organization(login: $org) {
    repositories(first: 100, after: $cursor) {
      pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }
      nodes {
        name
        pushedAt
        isArchived
        defaultBranchRef {
          target {
            ... on Commit {
              committedDate
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}' -f org=YOUR_ORG | jq '.data.organization.repositories.nodes[] | 
  select(.isArchived == false) | 
  select(.pushedAt < (now - 31536000 | todate)) | 
  .name'

Before archiving, consider:

• Has this repository been superseded by another project?
• Are there any active forks that should be migrated instead?
• Does it contain documentation that should be preserved elsewhere?
• Are there any secrets or credentials that need to be rotated first?

Archive repositories using:

# Archive a single repository
gh repo archive OWNER/REPO

# Bulk archive from a list
while read repo; do
  gh repo archive "$repo" --yes
  echo "Archived: $repo"
done < repos-to-archive.txt

Note: Archived repositories can still be migrated if needed, but they signal to your team that the content is historical rather than active.

Close Stale Pull Requests

Open PRs that haven't been touched in months are rarely going to be merged. Close them before migration to avoid polluting your new environment:

# Find PRs older than 90 days with no recent activity
gh pr list --repo OWNER/REPO --state open --json number,title,updatedAt,author \
  --jq '.[] | select(.updatedAt < (now - 7776000 | todate))'

# Close stale PRs with a comment explaining why
gh pr close PR_NUMBER --repo OWNER/REPO \
  --comment "Closing as part of pre-migration cleanup. This PR has been inactive for >90 days. Please reopen against the new repository location if still needed."

For bulk operations, create a script:

#!/bin/bash
# close-stale-prs.sh - Close PRs older than specified days

REPO="$1"
DAYS="${2:-90}"
CUTOFF_DATE=$(date -d "$DAYS days ago" +%Y-%m-%d 2>/dev/null || date -v-${DAYS}d +%Y-%m-%d)

gh pr list --repo "$REPO" --state open --json number,title,updatedAt --jq '.[]' | \
while read -r pr; do
  PR_NUM=$(echo "$pr" | jq -r '.number')
  UPDATED=$(echo "$pr" | jq -r '.updatedAt' | cut -d'T' -f1)
  
  if [[ "$UPDATED" < "$CUTOFF_DATE" ]]; then
    echo "Closing PR #$PR_NUM: $(echo "$pr" | jq -r '.title')"
    gh pr close "$PR_NUM" --repo "$REPO" \
      --comment "🧹 Closing as part of pre-migration cleanup to EMU. This PR has been inactive since $UPDATED. If still relevant, please recreate after migration."
  fi
done

Clean Up Stale Issues

Similar to PRs, old issues that have gone cold should be triaged:

# Find issues with no activity in 6 months
gh issue list --repo OWNER/REPO --state open --json number,title,updatedAt,labels \
  --jq '.[] | select(.updatedAt < (now - 15552000 | todate))'

# Close with a descriptive label and comment
gh issue close ISSUE_NUMBER --repo OWNER/REPO \
  --comment "Closing as part of pre-migration housekeeping. If this issue is still relevant, please reopen or create a new issue in our new location."

Consider creating a "stale" or "pre-migration-triage" label to tag issues that need review before migration.

Prune Dead Branches

Every repository accumulates branches over time. Clean them up:

# List merged branches (safe to delete)
git branch -r --merged main | grep -v main | grep -v HEAD

# List branches with no commits in 6 months
for branch in $(git branch -r | grep -v HEAD); do
  last_commit=$(git log -1 --format="%ci" "$branch" 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f1)
  if [[ "$last_commit" < "$(date -d '6 months ago' +%Y-%m-%d 2>/dev/null || date -v-6m +%Y-%m-%d)" ]]; then
    echo "$branch - last commit: $last_commit"
  fi
done

# Delete remote branches (be careful!)
git push origin --delete branch-name

GitHub also provides branch protection rules that can help prevent branch sprawl post-migration. See Managing a branch protection rule.

Audit and Remove Unused Integrations

Review OAuth apps, GitHub Apps, and webhooks before migration:

# List all webhooks in an organization
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/hooks --jq '.[] | {id, name, active, config: .config.url}'

# List installed GitHub Apps
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/installations --jq '.installations[] | {id, app_slug, permissions}'

For each integration, ask:

• Is this integration still actively used?
• Does the integration support EMU? (Check with the vendor)
• Are there EMU-compatible alternatives?
• Who owns this integration and can validate its necessity?

Remove integrations that are no longer needed - they won't migrate cleanly anyway, and orphaned webhooks are a security risk.

Clean Up Teams and Access

Review your team structure and membership:

# List all teams and their member counts
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/teams --jq '.[] | {name, slug, members_count: .members_count}'

# List team members
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/teams/TEAM_SLUG/members --jq '.[].login'

Questions to address:

• Are there teams with no members or no repository access?
• Are there duplicate teams that should be consolidated?
• Do team names follow your naming conventions?
• Are nested teams structured appropriately for your IdP groups?

Remember: In EMU, team membership is managed via your IdP. This is a great opportunity to align your GitHub team structure with your IdP groups.

Remove Secrets and Sensitive Data

This is critical. Before migration:

1. Rotate all secrets - Any token, API key, or credential in your code should be rotated to prevent the possiblity of comprimise from a leaked secret.
2. Check for committed secrets - Use GitHub Secret Scanning or tools like truffleHog or gitleaks
3. Review Actions secrets - Document all repository and organization secrets that will need to be recreated

# Check for exposed secrets using gitleaks
gitleaks detect --source . --verbose

# List organization secrets (names only, not values)
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/actions/secrets --jq '.secrets[].name'

# List repository secrets
gh api repos/OWNER/REPO/actions/secrets --jq '.secrets[].name'

⚠️ Important: Secrets don't migrate automatically. You'll need to recreate them in your new EMU environment. Use this as an opportunity to implement proper secrets management with tools like HashiCorp Vault or Azure Key Vault.

Create a Cleanup Checklist

Track your progress with a checklist:

Category	Task	Owner	Status
Repositories	Identify repos with no activity >1 year		☐
Repositories	Archive or delete unused repositories		☐
Repositories	Document repos that should NOT migrate		☐
Pull Requests	Close PRs inactive >90 days		☐
Pull Requests	Merge or close PRs that are ready		☐
Issues	Triage issues inactive >6 months		☐
Issues	Close issues that are no longer relevant		☐
Branches	Delete merged branches		☐
Branches	Delete stale feature branches		☐
Integrations	Audit all OAuth and GitHub Apps		☐
Integrations	Remove unused webhooks		☐
Integrations	Verify EMU compatibility for remaining integrations		☐
Teams	Review and consolidate team structure		☐
Teams	Map teams to IdP groups		☐
Security	Scan for committed secrets		☐
Security	Rotate all credentials		☐
Security	Document secrets for recreation		☐

The goal is simple: migrate only what you need, and migrate it clean. Your future self will thank you.

---

📚 EMU Migration Guide Series Navigation

⬅️ Previous: Part 1 - Discovery & Decision
➡️ Next: Part 3 - Identity & Access Setup

---

This is Part 2 of a 6-part series on migrating to GitHub Enterprise Managed Users. Found this helpful? Give it a 👍 and share it with your team! Got questions or something I missed? Drop a comment below.

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Click to open

# The Complete Guide to Migrating to GitHub Enterprise Managed Users - Part 2: Pre-Migration Preparation

📚 Series: The Complete Guide to Migrating to GitHub Enterprise Managed Users
This is Part 2 of 6 in the EMU migration guide series.

Part	Topic
Part 1: Discovery & Decision	Define goals, evaluate fit, get buy-in
Part 2: Pre-Migration Preparation (You are here)	Inventory, cleanup, IdP readiness, user communication
Part 3: Identity & Access Setup	Configure SCIM, provision users, set up teams
Part 4: Security & Compliance	Audit logging, security hardening, CI/CD, integrations
Part 5: Migration Execution	Run GEI, migrate repos, reclaim mannequins
Part 6: Validation & Adoption	Testing, user training, OSS strategy, go-live

---

Phase 2: Pre-Migration Preparation

Cleaning up the old environment and getting ready to move.

This phase is where you do the unglamorous but critical work: auditing what you have, cleaning up what you don't need, and ensuring your identity infrastructure is ready. Skipping this phase leads to painful surprises during migration.

Pre-Migration Requirements Checklist

Before you even think about scheduling a migration window, you need to ensure your foundation is solid.

1. Identity Provider Readiness

EMU requires a compatible identity provider. GitHub has "paved-path" integrations with these partner IdPs:

Identity Provider	SAML SSO	OIDC SSO	SCIM Provisioning
Microsoft Entra ID (Azure AD)	✅	✅	✅
Okta	✅	❌	✅
PingFederate	✅	❌	✅

Critical Note: The combination of Okta and Entra ID for SSO and SCIM (in either order) is explicitly not supported. GitHub's SCIM API will return errors if this combination is configured.

If you're using a non-partner IdP, you can still configure EMU, but your system must:

• Adhere to GitHub's integration guidelines
• Provide authentication using SAML 2.0 specification
• Provide user lifecycle management using SCIM 2.0 specification
• Communicate with GitHub's REST API for SCIM

See Configuring SCIM provisioning for Enterprise Managed Users for detailed setup instructions.

2. Inventory Your Current State

Before migrating, you need a complete picture of what you're moving. Use the gh-repo-stats extension for GitHub CLI to generate a full inventory:

# Install the extension
gh extension install mona-actions/gh-repo-stats

# Generate inventory for your organization
gh repo-stats --org your-org-name --output inventory.csv

Your inventory should capture:

• Repository names and owners
• Last updated timestamps
• Pull request and issue counts
• Repository sizes (especially large files)
• Team structures and permissions
• Active integrations and webhooks
• GitHub Actions workflows

3. Assess Repository Sizes

Large repositories can significantly impact migration time and success. Use git-sizer to analyze each repository:

# Clone the repository
git clone --mirror https://github.com/org/repo.git

# Navigate to the cloned repo
cd repo.git

# Get the size of the largest file
git-sizer --no-progress -j | jq ".max_blob_size"

# Get total size of all files
git-sizer --no-progress -j | jq ".unique_blob_size"

If you have files over 100MB in your repository history, consider using Git LFS or rewriting history before migration.

4. User Communication Plan

This is often overlooked, but arguably the most important step. Your users will experience:

• New usernames (their handle plus your enterprise shortcode)
• Loss of ability to contribute to public repositories
• Different authentication flow
• Potential loss of contribution history if not properly attributed

Start communicating early and often. Create documentation, hold training sessions, and set up a support channel for questions.

5. Pre-Migration Cleanup

Don't migrate your mess; clean house first. Every piece of technical debt, every abandoned repository, every stale PR you migrate is technical debt you're paying to move. Take this opportunity to start fresh.

Archive Unused Repositories

Identify and archive repositories that are no longer actively maintained:

# Find repositories with no activity in the last year
gh api graphql -f query='
query($org: String!, $cursor: String) {
  organization(login: $org) {
    repositories(first: 100, after: $cursor) {
      pageInfo { hasNextPage endCursor }
      nodes {
        name
        pushedAt
        isArchived
        defaultBranchRef {
          target {
            ... on Commit {
              committedDate
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}' -f org=YOUR_ORG | jq '.data.organization.repositories.nodes[] | 
  select(.isArchived == false) | 
  select(.pushedAt < (now - 31536000 | todate)) | 
  .name'

Before archiving, consider:

• Has this repository been superseded by another project?
• Are there any active forks that should be migrated instead?
• Does it contain documentation that should be preserved elsewhere?
• Are there any secrets or credentials that need to be rotated first?

Archive repositories using:

# Archive a single repository
gh repo archive OWNER/REPO

# Bulk archive from a list
while read repo; do
  gh repo archive "$repo" --yes
  echo "Archived: $repo"
done < repos-to-archive.txt

Note: Archived repositories can still be migrated if needed, but they signal to your team that the content is historical rather than active.

Close Stale Pull Requests

Open PRs that haven't been touched in months are rarely going to be merged. Close them before migration to avoid polluting your new environment:

# Find PRs older than 90 days with no recent activity
gh pr list --repo OWNER/REPO --state open --json number,title,updatedAt,author \
  --jq '.[] | select(.updatedAt < (now - 7776000 | todate))'

# Close stale PRs with a comment explaining why
gh pr close PR_NUMBER --repo OWNER/REPO \
  --comment "Closing as part of pre-migration cleanup. This PR has been inactive for >90 days. Please reopen against the new repository location if still needed."

For bulk operations, create a script:

#!/bin/bash
# close-stale-prs.sh - Close PRs older than specified days

REPO="$1"
DAYS="${2:-90}"
CUTOFF_DATE=$(date -d "$DAYS days ago" +%Y-%m-%d 2>/dev/null || date -v-${DAYS}d +%Y-%m-%d)

gh pr list --repo "$REPO" --state open --json number,title,updatedAt --jq '.[]' | \
while read -r pr; do
  PR_NUM=$(echo "$pr" | jq -r '.number')
  UPDATED=$(echo "$pr" | jq -r '.updatedAt' | cut -d'T' -f1)
  
  if [[ "$UPDATED" < "$CUTOFF_DATE" ]]; then
    echo "Closing PR #$PR_NUM: $(echo "$pr" | jq -r '.title')"
    gh pr close "$PR_NUM" --repo "$REPO" \
      --comment "🧹 Closing as part of pre-migration cleanup to EMU. This PR has been inactive since $UPDATED. If still relevant, please recreate after migration."
  fi
done

Clean Up Stale Issues

Similar to PRs, old issues that have gone cold should be triaged:

# Find issues with no activity in 6 months
gh issue list --repo OWNER/REPO --state open --json number,title,updatedAt,labels \
  --jq '.[] | select(.updatedAt < (now - 15552000 | todate))'

# Close with a descriptive label and comment
gh issue close ISSUE_NUMBER --repo OWNER/REPO \
  --comment "Closing as part of pre-migration housekeeping. If this issue is still relevant, please reopen or create a new issue in our new location."

Consider creating a "stale" or "pre-migration-triage" label to tag issues that need review before migration.

Prune Dead Branches

Every repository accumulates branches over time. Clean them up:

# List merged branches (safe to delete)
git branch -r --merged main | grep -v main | grep -v HEAD

# List branches with no commits in 6 months
for branch in $(git branch -r | grep -v HEAD); do
  last_commit=$(git log -1 --format="%ci" "$branch" 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f1)
  if [[ "$last_commit" < "$(date -d '6 months ago' +%Y-%m-%d 2>/dev/null || date -v-6m +%Y-%m-%d)" ]]; then
    echo "$branch - last commit: $last_commit"
  fi
done

# Delete remote branches (be careful!)
git push origin --delete branch-name

GitHub also provides branch protection rules that can help prevent branch sprawl post-migration. See Managing a branch protection rule.

Audit and Remove Unused Integrations

Review OAuth apps, GitHub Apps, and webhooks before migration:

# List all webhooks in an organization
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/hooks --jq '.[] | {id, name, active, config: .config.url}'

# List installed GitHub Apps
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/installations --jq '.installations[] | {id, app_slug, permissions}'

For each integration, ask:

• Is this integration still actively used?
• Does the integration support EMU? (Check with the vendor)
• Are there EMU-compatible alternatives?
• Who owns this integration and can validate its necessity?

Remove integrations that are no longer needed - they won't migrate cleanly anyway, and orphaned webhooks are a security risk.

Clean Up Teams and Access

Review your team structure and membership:

# List all teams and their member counts
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/teams --jq '.[] | {name, slug, members_count: .members_count}'

# List team members
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/teams/TEAM_SLUG/members --jq '.[].login'

Questions to address:

• Are there teams with no members or no repository access?
• Are there duplicate teams that should be consolidated?
• Do team names follow your naming conventions?
• Are nested teams structured appropriately for your IdP groups?

Remember: In EMU, team membership is managed via your IdP. This is a great opportunity to align your GitHub team structure with your IdP groups.

Remove Secrets and Sensitive Data

This is critical. Before migration:

1. Rotate all secrets - Any token, API key, or credential in your code should be rotated to prevent the possiblity of comprimise from a leaked secret.
2. Check for committed secrets - Use GitHub Secret Scanning or tools like truffleHog or gitleaks
3. Review Actions secrets - Document all repository and organization secrets that will need to be recreated

# Check for exposed secrets using gitleaks
gitleaks detect --source . --verbose

# List organization secrets (names only, not values)
gh api orgs/YOUR_ORG/actions/secrets --jq '.secrets[].name'

# List repository secrets
gh api repos/OWNER/REPO/actions/secrets --jq '.secrets[].name'

⚠️ Important: Secrets don't migrate automatically. You'll need to recreate them in your new EMU environment. Use this as an opportunity to implement proper secrets management with tools like HashiCorp Vault or Azure Key Vault.

Create a Cleanup Checklist

Track your progress with a checklist:

Category	Task	Owner	Status
Repositories	Identify repos with no activity >1 year		☐
Repositories	Archive or delete unused repositories		☐
Repositories	Document repos that should NOT migrate		☐
Pull Requests	Close PRs inactive >90 days		☐
Pull Requests	Merge or close PRs that are ready		☐
Issues	Triage issues inactive >6 months		☐
Issues	Close issues that are no longer relevant		☐
Branches	Delete merged branches		☐
Branches	Delete stale feature branches		☐
Integrations	Audit all OAuth and GitHub Apps		☐
Integrations	Remove unused webhooks		☐
Integrations	Verify EMU compatibility for remaining integrations		☐
Teams	Review and consolidate team structure		☐
Teams	Map teams to IdP groups		☐
Security	Scan for committed secrets		☐
Security	Rotate all credentials		☐
Security	Document secrets for recreation		☐

The goal is simple: migrate only what you need, and migrate it clean. Your future self will thank you.

---

📚 EMU Migration Guide Series Navigation

⬅️ Previous: Part 1 - Discovery & Decision
➡️ Next: Part 3 - Identity & Access Setup

---

This is Part 2 of a 6-part series on migrating to GitHub Enterprise Managed Users. Found this helpful? Give it a 👍 and share it with your team! Got questions or something I missed? Drop a comment below.