common: update TiDB TableInfo shared schema guard (#5652)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #5652

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #5740

Background:
The pull-unit-test job for PR #5643 fails in
TestLatestTiDBTableInfoSharedSchemaGuard after TiDB added
EngineAttribute, StorageClassTier, and StorageClassTransitions to
model.TableInfo.

Motivation:
The guard intentionally tracks upstream struct changes so each new field is
reviewed before TiCDC accepts the contract. These fields describe table-level
engine and storage-class settings. They do not affect columns, indexes, handle
flags, row decoding, or the shared column schema used by TiCDC.

What is changed and how it works?

• Add the three reviewed TiDB fields to the expected TableInfo contract.
• Document why the fields do not need to participate in shared column schema
  hashing or equality.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
  • go test ./pkg/common -run '^TestLatestTiDBTableInfoSharedSchemaGuard$' -count=1
  • go test ./pkg/common -count=1
  • make fmt

Questions

Will it cause performance regression or break compatibility?

No. This only updates a test guard after reviewing table-level metadata that is
outside TiCDC's shared column schema.

Do you need to update user documentation, design documentation or monitoring documentation?

No.

Release note

None

Summary by CodeRabbit

• Tests
  • Updated schema compatibility checks to include newly supported table storage settings.
  • Adjusted field ordering validation for table metadata.

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[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: lidezhu

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