Scale a cube in Blender:

Export as glTF:
scaledcube.gltf.zip
Load into models_loading.c example:
INFO: [/Users/richard/scaledcube.gltf][gltf] Model meshes/materials: 1/1
INFO: [VAO ID 2] Mesh uploaded successfully to VRAM (GPU)
Does not apply scaling:

Scale a cube in Blender:
Export as glTF:
scaledcube.gltf.zip
Load into models_loading.c example:
Does not apply scaling: