The most helpful bash terminal cheatsheet for help Skip to content Search or jump to…
############################################################################## // BASH CHEATSHEET (Chinese Cheat Sheet)-by skywind (created on 2018/02/14) // Version: 47, Last Modified: 2019/09/24 17:58 // https://github.com/skywind3000/awesome-cheatsheets ##############################################################################
############################################################################## #Commonly used shortcut keys (Emacs keys are used by default) ##############################################################################
A + the CTRL # moves to the beginning of the line, with the B + the CTRL # moved backward, with C + CTRL # end of the current command D + CTRL # delete the character before the cursor with the , or when there is no content, exit the session E + the CTRL # moves to the end of the line, with CTRL+F #Move forward, same as G + CTRL # exit the current editor (such as when your search history is CTRL + R) H + CTRL # delete the character left of the cursor, with K + CTRL # delete the contents of the cursor position to end of line L + CTRL # clear the screen and redisplay N + the CTRL # moves to the next line of command history, with the CTRL+O #Similar to carriage return, but will display the next line of history
- P the CTRL # moves to the line of command history, with R + CTRL # history commands reverse lookup, use CTRL + G to exit the search S + CTRL # history forward search command, use CTRL + G to exit the search T + CTRL # before and after the exchange of two characters U + CTRL # delete the character to the beginning of the line CTRL + V # input character literals, press CTRL + V and press any key W + CTRL # delete a word left of the cursor The X-+ CTRL # lists the possible completions The Y + the CTRL # paste front CTRL + u / k / w content deleted through The Z-+ CTRL # suspend the foreground process returns bash, available fg to switch it back to the front desk as needed CTRL + _ # Undo (undo), and some terminal CTRL + _ mapped CTRL + / or CTRL + 7
B + ALT # backward (left) one word D + ALT # After you remove the cursor (to the right) a word F + ALT # forward (to the right) to move a word T + ALT # swap characters
- BACKSPACE ALT # delete the cursor in front of a word, similar to the CTRL + W, but does not affect the clipboard
The CTRL + + X-X-the CTRL # press twice CTRL + X, the cursor jumps back and forth in the first position and the current row The X-CTRL + E + CTRL # with your specified editor to edit the current command
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Exit # exit the current landing env # display environment variable echo $ SHELL # show you what SHELL
bash # using bash, returns with exit bash Which # search $ PATH, find out which program corresponding to the command bash bash whereis # search for executable, the location of the header files and help information, use the built-in database system bash whatis # View explain a command word to tell you this is doing
the Clear # early Qing screen content the RESET # Reset terminal (when you do not accidentally use cat a binary, terminal status mess)
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cd # to return to their $ HOME directory CD {dirname} # into the directory pwd # Display the current directory {dirname} mkdir # Create a directory -p} {dirname mkdir # recursively create directories the pushd {dirname} # directory into the new directory and push the popd # pops up and into the top of the stack directory dirs -v # list the current directory stack cd - # back to the previous directory CD - {N} # change to the directory stack N-directory, such as cd -2 to switch to the second
############################################################################## #File operations ##############################################################################
LS # display the current contents of the directory, the directory name can be followed: ls {dir} displays the specified directory the -l LS # display a list of directory contents, information includes file date, size, permissions, etc. -1 LS # display a list of contents of a directory, only the file name, followed by a minus sign is the number 1 -a LS # show all files and directories, including hidden files (files that start / directory name) {} {-s the Fn LN Link} # create a soft link to the specified file {} {dest the src CP} # copies of documents, cp -r dir1 dir2 recursively copy (directory) RM the Fn} { # delete files, rm -r recursively delete the directory, rm -f forced to delete {} {dest the src Music Videos} # move a file, if dest is a directory, move, the file name is covered Touch the Fn} { # create or update about the development of file {Fn} CAT # output file original content any_cmd > {Fn} # execute commands and standard output to the specified file {Fn} More # -by-screen display contents of a document, page space, q exit {Fn} less # more advanced more points, more operations, q exit {Fn} head # show the number of lines the file header, it can display the first three rows head -3 abc.txt {Fn} tail # show the number of rows end of the file, display the available aft three rows tail -3 abc.txt {Fn} -f tail # continues to display end of the file data, to monitor the log nano Fn} { # use nano editor to edit the file {Fn} vim # used to edit the file vim {F1} {F2 the diff} # compare the contents of two files the Fn} {WC # statistical document how many lines, how many words {Fn} 644 the chmod # modify the file permissions 644 can then access to the directory cycle change -R Group {Fn} chgrp # groups to modify the file belongs {Fn} user1 chown # modify the file owner is user1, chown user1: group1 fn can modify group {Fn} File # type and code detection files basename the Fn} { # see the name of the file (not including the path) dirname the Fn} { # view the file path (not including the name) {pat the Fn} {grep} # in the file appeared to find the content of pat -r pat} {grep . # recursive search all the content files appeared pat in the current directory {Fn} STAT # detailed information display file
############################################################################## #User Management ##############################################################################
whoami # show my username the WHO # Displays the user login information, w / who / users slightly different content w # Displays the user login information, w / who / users slightly different content the Users # Displays the user login information, w / who / users slightly different content the passwd # Change Password, passwd {user} others may be used to modify the root password } {User finger # displays a user information including id, name, login status User} {the adduser # Add User } {User deluser # delete user w # to see who is online SU # to root su- # Switch to root user and log in (execute login script) } {User SU # switches to a user SU -} {User # switches to a user and log (login script execution) } {User ID # view the user's uid, gid, and other relevant user groups -u} {User ID # Print User uid -g} {User ID # Print User gid } {User Write # send a message to a user Last # to display a list of recent user login } {User Last # display record login lastb # display failed login records lastlog # Show last login records for all users Command the sudo} { # execution of a command as a root
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PS # to view the current Session AX PS # view all processes, similar to the ps -e the AUX PS # to view details of all processes, similar to the ps -ef auxww PS # view all processes, and displays the complete command to start the process -u the User} {PS # view a user process axjf PS # List processes tree -u} {User XJF PS # are listed in a user's process trees -EO pid PS, the User, the Command # according to user-specified format to view the process the AUX PS | grep httpd # View all the processes named httpd --ppid} {pid PS # View parent process for all process pid pstree # tree lists all the processes, pstree default generally do not take, install User} {the pstree # process tree lists a user process -u pstree # tree lists all the processes and their user procname} {pgrep # pid search name matching process, such as pgrep apache2
the kill {pid} # end of the process the kill -9 PID} { # terminates the process, 9 / SIGKILL capture end signal is not mandatory the kill -KILL PID} { # enforcement process, kill -9 Another way to write the kill the -l # View all signals the kill the -l TERM # view the number of signal TERM procname} {killall # by name ending all processes procname} {pkill # by name end of the process, there can be other parameters except name
Top # view the most active processes -u} {the User Top # view a user most active processes
Run any & # running in the background of a command, CTRL + Z will also be linked to the current process to the background Jobs # View all background processes (jobs) BG # view background process, and switch over fg # to switch back to the foreground process FG {} Job # handover to a particular foreground background processes
Trap cmd Sig1 SIG2 # Set the signal processing command in a script Trap " " Sig1 SIG2 # mask a signal in the script Trap - Sig1 SIG2 # restore the default behavior Signal Processing
the Command} {nohup # long run a program, you have to keep it running log out the Command} {nohup & # long run a program in the background the disown {PID | JID} # the process is removed from the list of background tasks (jobs)
the wait # wait for the end of all background processes tasks
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user @ host SSH # user-user log in to a remote host host -p {} the User Port SSH Host @ # designated landing port Host Copy the User-the above mentioned id-SSH Host @ # copy your ssh key to the remote host, avoid entering password {Fn} User @ SCP Host: path # copy the file to the remote host the User @ Host scp: dest path # back copy files from a remote host -P {Port} ... SCP # specified port remote copy file
-a uname # Viewing the kernel version, etc. Help} {man # view help -k {keyword} man # view help files which contains the keyword {} Help info # View info pages, stronger than man's help system Uptime # View system startup time DATE # display date CAL # show calendar vmstat # display memory and CPU usage 10 the vmstat # print a line every 10 seconds where memory and CPU, CTRL + C Exit as Free # show memory and swap usage df # show disk usage du # Display the current directory occupied, du. --max-depth = 2 can specify the depth uname # Display system version number hostname # show hostname -a showkey # view the key code transmitted from the terminal
ping {host} # ping the remote host and display the result, CTRL+C to exit ping -c N {host} # ping the remote host N times Host} {the traceroute # detect the connectivity route Host} {mtr # advanced version of traceroute host {domain} # DNS query, add -a in front of {domain} to view details Domain} {whois # acquired domain information whois Domain} {DIG # acquired domain information dns -n route # View the routing table -a netstat # list all ports -an netstat # View all connection information does not resolve the domain name -anp netstat # View all connection information, including process information (requires sudo) the -l netstat # View all listening ports -t netstat # view all TCP links -lntu netstat # Display all is listening TCP and UDP information -lntup netstat # display all listening socket and process information -i netstat # display card information -rn netstat # Display the current system routing table with route -n -an SS # is faster than netstat -an more detail -s SS # statistics of TCP established, wait, etc.
{} URL wget # download files may be added --no-check-certificate verification ignored ssl -qO- URL} {wget # download the file and to standard output (not saved) {} URL -sl curl # with wget -qO- {url} used when no wget
File} {SZ # send the file to the terminal, zmodem Protocol Rz # receiving a file sent from the terminal
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value = varname # define variables
value = varname the Command # define sub-process variables and execute child process
echo $ varname # view the contents of the variable
echo $$ # to view the current shell process ID
echo
Array [0] = VALA # definition array array[1]=valB array[2]=valC array=([0]=valA [1]=valB [2]=valC) # Another way = Array (VALA Valb valC) # another way
Array {$ [I]} # acquired array element {$ # Array [@]} # acquired length of the array {$ # Array [I]} # obtain a variable length array
DECLARE -a # View all array DECLARE -f # view all functions DECLARE -F # view all functions to display only the function name DECLARE -i # View all integers DECLARE -r # See all read-only variables DECLARE -x # See all be exported to the environment variable stuff DECLARE -p varname # output variables are defined by how (value + type)
{varname $ : - word} # if the variable is not empty variable is returned, otherwise word varname {$ : = word} # if the variable is not empty variable is returned, otherwise assigning to a word and return {varname $ :? the Message} # if the variable is not empty variable is returned, otherwise print an error message and exit {varname $ : + Word} # if the variable is not empty then return word, otherwise return null varname {$ : offset : len} # made of a string
variable {$ # pattern} # If the variable header match pattern, then delete the minimum matching the remaining portion to return {variable $ ## pattern} # if the variable head match pattern, then delete the largest part of the return match the rest of the variable {$ % pattern} # If the variable tail match pattern, then delete the minimum matching the remaining portion to return {variable $ %% pattern} # if the variable tail match pattern, then delete the largest part of the return match the rest of the variable {$ / pattern / STR} # will replace the first variable matching pattern into str, and returns variable {$ // pattern / str} # The variable pattern of all matches and returns the replaced str
{$ # Varname} # Returns the string length
- (PatternList) # zero or more times match
- (PatternList) # one or more times to match ? (PatternList) # zero or one match @ (PatternList) # Word Match ! (PatternList) # no match
array=( $text ) # Separate text into arrays by spaces and assign them to variables IFS= " / " array=( $text ) # Separate the string text with slashes into an array and assign it to the variable = text " $ {Array []} " # with spaces link array and assigned to the variable = text $ ( the IFS = / ; echo " $ {Array []} " ) # with slashes link array and assigned to the variable
= A (bar foo " ABC " 42 is) # array definition = B ( " $ {A [@] : . 1 : 2} " ) # array sections: B = (bar "ab c ") = C ( " $ {A [@] : . 1} " ) # array sections: C = (bar "ab c " 42) echo "${B[@]}" # bar a b c echo "${B[1]}" # a b c echo "${C[@]}" # bar a b c 42 echo " ${C[@] : -2 : 2} " # abc 42 The space before the minus sign is required
$ ( UNIX the Command ) # run command and capture and return to the standard output content varname = $( id -u user ) # Assign the uid of the user name user to the varname variable
= NUM $ ( expr. 1 + 2 ) # compatible posix sh calculation, the calculation result of using command expr = NUM $ ( expr $ NUM +. 1 ) # number increment 2 expr \ * \ ( 2. 3 + ) # complex calculations posix sh compatible output 10
= NUM $ (( 1 + 2 )) # calculates 1 + 2 is assigned to num, using bash unique $ ((..)) is calculated = NUM $ (( $ NUM + 1 )) # variable is incremented num = $(( num + 1 )) #The variable is incremented, the $ in the double brackets can be omitted = NUM $ (( . 1 + ( 2 + . 3 ) * 2 )) # complex calculations
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!! # previous command ! ^ # The first word on a command ! :n #The nth word of the previous command ! : N-$ # on a command of the n-word to the last word ! $ #The last word of the previous command ! -N: $ # the last word on the command n ! String # recently a string containing the command ! ^ ^ String1 string2 # command contains string1 a recent, fast replacing string1 with string2 ! # # All input before this command ! # :n # The nth word before this command, fast backup cp /etc/passwd !#:1.bak
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function myfunc () {
# $1 represents the first parameter,
myfunc # call the function myfunc arg1 arg2 arg3 myfunc # parameters of function calls myfunc " $@ " # Pass all parameters to the function myfunc " $ {Array [@]} " # an array of a plurality of parameters passed to the function as the Shift # parameter to the left
unset -f myfunc # delete function DECLARE -f # list function definition
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statement1 && statement2 # and operator statement1 || statement2 # or operator
exp1 -a exp2 # return true when exp1 and exp2 are both true (POSIX XSI extension) exp1 -o exp2 # If one of exp1 and exp2 is true, return true (POSIX XSI extension) (Expression) # if expression is true returns true, the brackets before entering the note backslashes ! Expression # If the expression is false that returns true
= str2 str1 # equal Analyzing strings, such as [ "$ x" = "$ y"] && echo yes str1 ! = str2 # Analyzing string range such as [ "$ x"! = " $ y"] && echo yes str1 < str2 # string is less, such as [ "$ x" \ < " $ y"] && echo yes str2 > str2 # string is greater than, Note is literal, to add the input backslash str1 -n # is determined not empty string (length greater than zero) str1 the -Z # determines string is empty (zero length)
File -a # Analyzing file exists, such as [-a / tmp / abc] && echo "exists" File -d # determine the file exists and the file is a directory File -e # determine the file exists, and -a equivalent File -f # Analyzing file exists, the file and the file is a normal (non-directory) File -R & lt # Analyzing file exists, is readable File -s # Analyzing file exists, and the size is greater than 0 File -w # judge file exists and is writable File -x # determine the file exists, and execute File -N # after the file was last modified has not been read File -O # file exists and is owned by the current user File -G # file exists and matches your user group -nt file2 file1 # file 1 to file new 2 -ot file2 file1 # file 1 to file 2 Old
-eq num2 num1 # digital judgment: num1 == num2 -ne num2 num1 # digital judgment: num1 = num2! -LT-num2 num1 # digital judgment: num1 <num2 -le num2 num1 # digital judgment: num1 <= num2 -gt num2 num1 # digital judgment: num1> num2 -ge num2 num1 # digital judgment: num1> = num2
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test {} expression The # determination test condition is true, then the procedure returns a non-zero 0 otherwise [expression] # If the condition is true, return 0, otherwise non-zero
the Test " abc " = " DEF " # to see the return value echo
test -a / tmp ; echo
Test cond && cmd1 # determination condition is true when performing cmd1 [cond] && cmd1 # is exactly equivalent to the above [Cond] && cmd1 || cmd2 # condition is true execute cmd1 otherwise perform cmd2
#Determine whether the /etc/passwd file exists
Classic statement is to determine if the back of the command returns a value of 0, then, that the condition is true, otherwise false
if test -e /etc/passwd; then echo "alright it exists ... " else echo "it doesn't exist ... " be
Above fully equivalent, [and the test is the same executable program, but must be the last parameter]
if [ -e /etc/passwd ]; then
echo "alright it exists ... "
else
echo "it doesn't exist ... "
be
Is completely equivalent to the above two. In fact, [is already an internal command in the bash era. You can see it with enable
[ -e /etc/passwd ] && echo "alright it exists" || echo "it doesn't exist"
if [ "$varname" = "foo" ]; then echo "this is foo" elif [ "$varname" = "bar" ]; then echo "this is bar" else echo "neither" be
Complex conditional judgment, attention || and && is fully compatible with POSIX recommended wording
if [ $x -gt 10 ] && [ $x -lt 20 ]; then echo "yes, between 10 and 20" be
#You can use the && command connector to do exactly the same thing as above [ $x -gt 10 ] && [ $x -lt 20 ] && echo "yes, between 10 and 20"
Parentheses are POSIX XSI and -a -o extended writing, parentheses are literal, to be added in front of the input backslashes
if [ ( $x -gt 10 ) -a ( $x -lt 20 ) ]; then echo "yes, between 10 and 20" be
[ ( $x -gt 10 ) -a ( $x -lt 20 ) ] && echo "yes, between 10 and 20"
#Execute if the program exists [ -x /bin/ls ] && /bin/ls -l
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-bash-test/index.html
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while condition; do statements done
i=1
while [ $i -le 10 ]; do
echo
for i in {1..10} ; do echo $i done
for name [in list]; do statements done
for f in / home / * ; die echo $f done
for (( initialisation ; ending condition ; update )); do statements done
for ((i = 0; i < 10; i++)); do echo $i; done
case expression in pattern1 ) statements ;; pattern2 ) statements ;; * ) otherwise ;; esac
until condition; do statements done
select name [in list]; do statements that can use $name done
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the Command ls # ignore alias directly executable program or built-in command ls the BUILTIN cd # ignore alias cd built-in command is run directly enable # List all bash built-in command, a command or prohibit Help {builtin_command} # View the help of built-in commands (bash built-in command only)
the eval $ script # on the evaluation of the string script variables (execution)
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CMD1 | cmd2 # pipelines, cmd1 standard output to the standard input cmd2 < File # contents of the file redirect standard input of command
File # will be redirected to the standard output of a command file, overwrite files
File # standard command to redirect the output to a file, no additional covering | File # force the output to a file, even if set too: set -o noclobber n > | File # force the file descriptor n redirect the output to a file <> File # use this file as the standard input and standard output n <> File # use as file input and output file descriptors n n > File # redirect output to a file descriptor n n < File # redirect file descriptor n input file content n > & # standard output dup / merge file descriptor n n < & # standard input dump / merge oriented descriptors n n > & m # file descriptor is used as a copy descriptor n m of output n < & m # file descriptor is n m as a copy of the descriptor, the input & > File # standard output and standard error redirected to file < & - # Close standard input & - # Close standard output n >& - # Close the file descriptor as output n n < & - # Close the file descriptor as input n the diff <( CMD1 ) <( CMD2 ) # output compare two orders
############################################################################## #文字处理- cut ##############################################################################
-C 1-16 Cut # intercept the first 16 characters per line -c 1-16 File Cut # interception of a specified file in the first 16 characters per line -c3- Cut # intercept the content of each line beginning at the end of the row from the third character -d Cut ' : ' -F5 # taken fifth column contents separated by colons -d Cut ' ; ' -f2,10 # taken separated by a semicolon and the tenth column of the second content -d Cut ' ' -f3-7 # taken space delimited three to seven echo "hello" | cut -c1-3 # 显示 hel echo "hello sir" | cut -d' ' -f2 # 显示 sir ps | tr -s " " | cut -d " " -f 2,3,4 # cut with tr compressed characters
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awk ' {}. 5 Print $ ' File # print file separated by spaces fifth column -F awk ' , ' ' {}. 5 Print $ ' File # fifth column print comma-separated file awk ' / str / 2} {Print $ ' File # in the second column of the print file contains all rows str -F awk ' , ' ' {} of NF Print $ ' File # prints a comma delimited file last column of each row awk ' {S}. 1 the END + = $ {S} Print ' File # count all together in the first column awk ' NR. 3%. 1 == ' File # from the beginning of the first row, every fourth row line is printed
Sed ' S / Find / Replace / ' File # replacement string appears first in the file, and outputs the result Sed ' 10s / Find / Replace / ' File # replace content files, line 10 Sed ' 10,20s / Find / Replace / ' File # replace lines 10-20 file content -R & lt Sed ' S / REGEX / Replace / G ' File # replace all occurrences file -i Sed ' S / Find / Replace / G ' File # replace all the characters that appear in the document and the document cover -i Sed ' / Find / I \ NEWLINE ' File # before matching text file into a row -i Sed ' / Find / A \ NEWLINE ' File # after the matched text file into a row sed ' /line/s/find/replace/ ' file # first search for line features and then perform replacement -e Sed ' S / F / R & lt / ' -e ' S / F / R & lt ' File # perform multiple replacement sed ' s#find#replace# ' file #Use # to replace / to avoid slashes in the pattern -r -i sed ' S / ^ \ S + G // ' File # delete the file header spaces per line sed ' / ^ $ / d ' File # delete a file and print blank lines sed -i ' s/\s+$// ' file # delete extra spaces at the end of each line of the file -n sed ' 2p ' File # print the second line of the file -n sed ' 2,5p ' File # second to the fifth line of print files
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File the Sort # sort files -r File the Sort # reverse (descending) -n File the Sort # using digital rather than a string compare -t the Sort: -k 3N / etc / passwd # sort by the third column of the passwd file sort -u file # Re-sort
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Quick Jump - https://github.com/rupa/z
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source /path/to/z.sh # Initialize z.sh in .bashrc z # List all historical paths and their weights foo z # right to jump to the historical path of the heaviest match foo directory foo bar z # jump to match the weight of history in the path of the largest directories foo and bar right the -l foo z # listed in the directory path and the right of all historical re-match foo z -r foo # According to the highest number of visits, first matching jump -t foo z # according to a recent priority access to match Jump
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the bind ' "\ EH": "\ Cb" ' # binding ALT + h is the cursor left, with CTRL + b / the bind ' "\ EL": "\ of Cf" ' # binding ALT + l is the cursor right, with CTRL + f / the bind ' "\ EJ": "\ Cn" ' # binding ALT + j history for the next article, with CTRL + n / the bind ' "\ EK": "\ Cp" ' # Bind ALT + k is the history of the strip, with CTRL + p / the bind ' "\ for eH": "\ EB" ' # binding ALT + H for the cursor one word, with the ALT-b the bind ' "\ eL": "\ EF" ' # binding ALT + L is the cursor right one word, with the ALT-f the bind ' "\ eJ": "\ of Ca" ' # binding ALT + J to move to the beginning of the line, with the CTRL + a / the bind ' "\ eK": "\ of Ce" ' # binding ALT + K is moved to the end of the line, with the CTRL + e / the bind ' "\ E;": "ls -l \ n-" ' # binding ALT +; ls -l command to execute
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ip a #Display all network addresses, same as ip address A Show eth1 ip # display the IP address of the network card A the Add 172.16.1.23/24 dev eth1 ip # add the IP address of the network card A del 172.16.1.23/24 dev eth1 ip # delete the IP address of the network card Link Show dev eth0 ip # display network card device properties Link ip the SET eth1 up # to activate the card Link ip the SET eth1 Down # Close card Link IP SET eth1 MAC address} { # modify the MAC address Neighbor ip # View ARP Cache route ip # View the routing table Via the Add 10.0.0.253 route 10.1.0.0/24 ip dev eth0 # Add a static route route del 10.1.0.0/24 ip # delete static routes
ifconfig # display all cards and interface information -a ifconfig # display all network cards (including the boot did not start) information eth0 ifconfig # specify the information display device eth0 up ifconfig # to activate the card Down eth0 ifconfig # Close card 192.168.120.56 eth0 ifconfig # Configure an IP address to the network card 10.0.0.8 Netmask 255.255.255.0 up eth0 ifconfig # Configure IP and start 00 HW ether eth0 the ifconfig: AA: BB: CC: dd: EE # modify the MAC address
10.0.0.12 nmap # scan host port 1-1000 -p 1024-65535 10.0.0.12 nmap # scanning a given port 10.0.0.0/24 nmap # given all hosts within the local area network scanning -O 10.0.0.12 -sV nmap # probe hosting and operating system version
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hier man # view the file system structure and meaning man the Test # View posix sh of conditional aid ascii man # display ascii table LONG_BIT getconf # View system is 32-bit or 64-bit the bind -P # list of shortcuts all bash Mount | column -t # pretty lists the currently loaded file system ip.cn curl # made outside the network ip address and information service providers the disown -a && Exit # close all background tasks and exit CAT / etc / Issue # View Linux Release Information -i Port lsof: 80 # which applications are using port 80? -a showkey # get key ASCII code svn diff | view- # Use Vim to display colored diff output filename Music Videos. {Old, new new} # Fast File rename Time the Read # use CTRL-D stop, the easiest timing function file.txt {CP,.} BAK # fast backup file Touch sudo / forcefsck # forcibly restart in the next scan disk the Find ~ -mmin 60 The -type f # to find $ HOME directory, modified files within 60 minutes wttr.in/~beijing curl # Check the weather forecast for Beijing echo $ {SSH_CLIENT %% * } # get you from what IP link to the current host echo $ [1 + X% the RANDOM] # obtain a random number between 1 to X the bind the -X- ' "\ CI": ls -l ' # Set CTRL + l ls -l command to execute the Find / The -type f -size + 5M # find files larger than 5M --reference f1 f2 chmod # The f1 and f2 set to exactly the same rights -L cheat.sh curl # Quick Reference Book
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history | awk '{a[$2]++}END{for(i in a){print a[i] " " i}}' | sort -rn | head
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++tt[$NF]} END {for (a in tt) print a, tt[a]}'
sshfs name@server:/path/to/folder /path/to/mount/point
#Display the top ten running processes and sort by memory usage ps to | sort -nk +4 | tail
while sleep 1;do tput sc;tput cup 0 $(($(tput cols)-29));date;tput rc;done&
Solutions from the compressed file on the network to a file, and to save the file to avoid intermediate
wget -qO - "http://www.tarball.com/tarball.gz" | tar zxvf -
python -c "import test.pystone;print(test.pystone.pystones())"
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null bs=1M count=32768
mount /path/to/file.iso /mnt/cdrom -oloop
ssh -t hostA ssh hostB
#Download all pictures of a website wget -r -l1 --no-parent -nH -nd -P/tmp -A".gif,.jpg" http://example.com/images
mkdir -p work/{project1,project2}/{src,bin,bak}
find . -type f -newermt "2010-01-01" ! -newermt "2010-06-01"
#Display the process currently using the network lsof -P -i -n | cut -f 1 -d " "| uniq | tail -n +2
:w !sudo tee > /dev/null %
source ~/github/profiles/my_bash_init.sh
Reverse proxy: the external host (202.115.8.1) port (8443) is forwarded to the host within the network 192.168.1.2:443
ssh -CqTnN -R 0.0.0.0:8443:192.168.1.2:443 user@202.115.8.1
#正向Proxy: Forward port 8443 of the local host to 192.168.1.2:443 through 192.168.1.3 ssh -CqTnN -L 0.0.0.0:8443:192.168.1.2:443 user@192.168.1.3
ssh -CqTnN -D localhost:1080 user@202.115.8.1
http://www.skywind.me/blog/archives/2021
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function q-extract() { if [ -f $1 ] ; then case $1 in * .tar.bz2) tar -xvjf $ 1 ;; * .tar.gz) tar -xvzf $ 1 ;; *.tar.xz) tar -xvJf $1 ;; *.bz2) bunzip2 $1 ;; * .rar) rar x $ 1 ;; *.gz) gunzip $1 ;; *.tar) tar -xvf $1 ;; * .tbz2) tar -xvjf $ 1 ;; * .tgz) tar -xvzf $ 1 ;; *.zip) unzip $1 ;; *.Z) uncompress $1 ;; *.7z) 7z x $1 ;; *) echo "don't know how to extract '$1'..." ;; esac else echo "'$1' is not a valid file!" be }
function q-compress() { if [ -n "$1" ] ; then FILE=$1 case $ FILE in .tar) shift && tar -cf $FILE $ ;; .tar.bz2) shift && tar -cjf $FILE $ ;; .tar.xz) shift && tar -cJf $FILE $ ;; .tar.gz) shift && tar -czf $FILE $ ;; .tgz) shift && tar -czf $FILE $ ;; .zip) shift && zip $FILE $ ;; .rar) shift && rar $FILE $ ;; esac else echo "usage: q-compress <foo.tar.gz> ./foo ./bar" be }
function ccat () { local style="monokai" if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then pygmentize -P style=$style -P tabsize=4 -f terminal256 -g else for NAME in $ @ ; do pygmentize -P style=$style -P tabsize=4 -f terminal256 -g "$NAME" done be }
############################################################################## #好玩的Configuration ##############################################################################
export LESS_TERMCAP_mb=$'\E[1m\E[32m' export LESS_TERMCAP_mh=$'\E[2m' export LESS_TERMCAP_mr=$'\E[7m' export LESS_TERMCAP_md=$'\E[1m\E[36m' export LESS_TERMCAP_ZW="" export LESS_TERMCAP_us=$'\E[4m\E[1m\E[37m' export LESS_TERMCAP_me=$'\E(B\E[m' export LESS_TERMCAP_ue=$'\E[24m\E(B\E[m' export LESS_TERMCAP_ZO="" export LESS_TERMCAP_ZN="" export LESS_TERMCAP_se=$'\E[27m\E(B\E[m' export LESS_TERMCAP_ZV="" export LESS_TERMCAP_so=$'\E[1m\E[33m\E[44m'
"\eh": backward-char "\el": forward-char "\ej": next-history "\ek": previous-history "\eH": backward-word "\eL": forward-word "\eJ": beginning-of-line "\eK": end-of-line
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