First steps of late-bound turbofishing (place FnDef behind a dummy binder)

[addiesh]

r? oli-obk

This PR is part of #156581. This should be functionally identical to prior behavior, with the added fact that FnDef now places its arguments behind a binder.

most changes boil down to

• replacing args from FnDef with args.no_bound_vars().unwrap()
• replacing Ty::new_fn_def(/* ... */, args) with Ty::new_fn_def(/* ... */, ty::Binder::dummy(args))

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[addiesh]

this change has nothing to do with LLVM and as such should probably not have A-LLVM

View changes since the review

[addiesh]

this PR probably shouldn't have as many tags as it does (A-LLVM, PG-exploit-mitigations, T-clippy, WG-trait-system-refactor)

[addiesh]

@rustbot review

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[addiesh]

rustbot removed oli, oops
r? BoxyUwU oli-obk

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