Campus Course & Records Manager (CCRM)

Project Overview

The Campus Course & Records Manager (CCRM) is a Java SE console-based application that helps an institute manage academic records.
It provides menus and commands for student management, course management, enrollments, grades, transcripts, and file utilities like import/export and backups.

This project demonstrates:

• Object-Oriented Programming (Encapsulation, Inheritance, Abstraction, Polymorphism).
• Advanced Java features: Streams, Enums, Exceptions, Date/Time API.
• Design Patterns: Singleton (AppConfig), Builder (Course creation).
• File I/O with NIO.2, recursive utilities, CSV import/export.
• CLI Menus using switch/loops, exception handling, and custom validations.

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● Evolution of Java (short timeline)

• 1995 → Java 1.0 (first release, applets, AWT).
• 1997 → Java 1.1 (inner classes, JavaBeans, JDBC).
• 1998 → Java 2 (SE 1.2) – Swing, Collections, Plug-in.
• 2002 → Java SE 1.4 – assert keyword, Exception chaining, NIO.
• 2004 → Java SE 5.0 – Generics, Annotations, Autoboxing, Enhanced for loop.
• 2006 → Java SE 6 – Performance boost, Scripting API.
• 2011 → Java SE 7 – Try-with-resources, diamond operator, nio.2.
• 2014 → Java SE 8 – Lambdas, Streams, new Date/Time API.
• 2017 → Java SE 9 – Module system, JShell.
• 2018 → Java SE 11 (LTS) – var, improved APIs.
• 2021 → Java SE 17 (LTS) – Records, Sealed classes, Pattern matching.
• 2023 → Java SE 21 (LTS) – Latest refinements, performance upgrades.

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● Java Editions: ME vs SE vs EE

Edition	Purpose	Features	Platforms
Java ME (Micro)	For embedded & IoT devices	CLDC, CDC, small runtime	IoT, feature phones
Java SE (Standard)	General-purpose apps	Core libraries, JDK tools, JVM	Desktop, laptops, servers
Java EE (Enterprise, Jakarta EE)	Enterprise apps	Servlets, JSP, JPA, JMS, CDI	App servers, enterprise backends

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● Java Architecture: JDK, JRE, JVM

• JVM (Java Virtual Machine) – Executes compiled bytecode (.class files).
• JRE (Java Runtime Environment) – JVM + libraries to run Java apps.
• JDK (Java Development Kit) – JRE + compiler (javac), debugger, dev tools.

👉 Flow: Developer uses JDK to compile → JRE provides runtime → JVM executes.

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● Install & Configure Java on Windows

1. Download JDK (e.g., JDK 17).
2. Run installer → select path (e.g., C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17).
   
3. Set environment variables:
   • JAVA_HOME = path to JDK
   • Add %JAVA_HOME%\bin to PATH
4. Verify:

   java -version
   javac -version