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Oxygen
Oxygen is necessary to breathe, and extra oxygen can also be used to burn material for heat energy, or can be used as an important component in various chemical reactions.
- A person breathes 7 or 8 liters of air per minute.
- Air is about 20% oxygen.
- When you exhale, your breath is about 15% oxygen.
- A person uses about 550 liters of pure oxygen each day.
In a mixture of gases, each gas has a partial pressure which is the hypothetical pressure of that gas if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature. The total pressure of an ideal gas mixture is the sum of the partial pressures of each individual gas in the mixture.
Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O2) at increased partial pressures.
The astronauts in the Gemini and Apollo programs breathed 100% oxygen at reduced pressure for up to two weeks with no problems.
Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, rapid breathing and heart rate, and flushing can occur with carbon dioxide poisoning. Severe cases of carbon dioxide toxicity progress to confusion, convulsions, and loss of consciousness.
Electrolysis of water is the decomposition of water (H2O) into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen gas (H2) due to an electric current being passed through the water.