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Advantages of Probana

• Physical stochasticity: Random bits originate from analog noise sources rather than software-generated random numbers.
• Calibrated p-bits: A per-device lookup table maps the requested Bernoulli probability to the corrected (V_{\text{BIAS}}).
• General-purpose execution: Arbitrary p-kit circuits defined by (J) and (h) can target the same hardware.
• Banking: A small number of physical p-bits can execute much larger virtual circuits, such as 128 p-bits on eight physical devices.
• Full annealing: Constant, linear and arbitrary annealing_func schedules execute locally.
• Local computation: Circuit updates, calibration and sampling run on the board, keeping USB outside the critical update loop.
• Compact mixed-signal architecture: One MCU and multichannel DAC control several physical p-bits.
• Multiple update semantics: Snapshot and sequential banking support different probabilistic dynamics.
• Modularity: Additional physical p-bit banks could later increase real parallelism without changing the p-kit interface.