[WIP] Bump Apache DF to 55

[AdamGS]

Rationale for this change

Periodic update to DataFusion

What changes are included in this PR?

1. Bump Arrow to 59.2
2. Bump DF to 55.0.0 (Release DataFusion 55.0.0 (Jul / Aug 2026) apache/datafusion#22393)
3. Bump geoarrow dependency (requires release to support Arrow 59)

Currently this PR also includes bumping our MSRV to 1.95 because geoarrow requires that (DataFusion only requires 1.94).

What APIs are changed? Are there any user-facing changes?

Just the dependency changes

[codspeed-hq]

Merging this PR will degrade performance by 2.18%

⚠️ Unknown Walltime execution environment detected

Using the Walltime instrument on standard Hosted Runners will lead to inconsistent data.

For the most accurate results, we recommend using CodSpeed Macro Runners: bare-metal machines fine-tuned for performance measurement consistency.

⚠️ Different runtime environments detected

Some benchmarks with significant performance changes were compared across different runtime environments,
which may affect the accuracy of the results.

Open the report in CodSpeed to investigate

⚡ 27 improved benchmarks
❌ 22 regressed benchmarks
✅ 1938 untouched benchmarks
⏩ 42 skipped benchmarks¹

Warning

Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Performance Changes

	Mode	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Efficiency
❌	Simulation	set_indices_vortex_buffer[65536]	121.2 µs	182.6 µs	-33.64%
❌	Simulation	set_indices_vortex_buffer[16384]	31.6 µs	47.1 µs	-32.93%
❌	Simulation	compact_sliced[(16384, 10)]	1.4 ms	2 ms	-28.55%
❌	Simulation	set_indices_vortex_buffer[2048]	5.4 µs	7.5 µs	-27.89%
❌	Simulation	compact_sliced[(4096, 10)]	385.2 µs	527.6 µs	-27%
❌	Simulation	in_place_non_nullable[65536]	49.2 µs	66.5 µs	-26.1%
❌	Simulation	copy_nullable[65536]	1.3 ms	1.7 ms	-26.03%
❌	Simulation	set_indices_vortex_buffer[1024]	3.6 µs	4.7 µs	-24.29%
❌	Simulation	decompress[u64, (10000, 4)]	318 µs	403.8 µs	-21.24%
❌	Simulation	primitive_i64_vortex	3.3 ms	4 ms	-18.23%
❌	Simulation	set_indices[(16384, 0.01)]	13.5 µs	16.2 µs	-16.7%
❌	Simulation	div_decimal_i64_nonnull	942.2 µs	1,114.9 µs	-15.49%
❌	WallTime	cuda/bitpacked_u8/unpack/3bw[100M]	299.2 µs	350.9 µs	-14.74%
❌	Simulation	new_raw_prim_test_between[i32, 2048]	76.7 µs	88.7 µs	-13.56%
❌	Simulation	set_indices[(16384, 0.1)]	36.1 µs	41.8 µs	-13.52%
❌	Simulation	set_indices[(16384, 0.5)]	137.3 µs	156.3 µs	-12.2%
❌	Simulation	set_indices[(16384, 0.9)]	237.9 µs	269.7 µs	-11.77%
❌	Simulation	set_indices[(16384, 0.99)]	256 µs	289.4 µs	-11.57%
❌	Simulation	compress_fsst[(1000, 64, 8)]	1 ms	1.2 ms	-10.86%
❌	Simulation	compress_alp[f32, (10000, 0.01, 1.0)]	395.2 µs	442.5 µs	-10.69%
...	...	...	...	...	...

ℹ️ Only the first 20 benchmarks are displayed. Go to the app to view all benchmarks.

Tip

Investigate this regression by commenting @codspeedbot fix this regression on this PR, or directly use the CodSpeed MCP with your agent.

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_{Comparing adamg/df-55 (ba2ac36) with develop (4b37237)}

Footnotes

1. 42 benchmarks were skipped, so the baseline results were used instead. If they were deleted from the codebase, click here and archive them to remove them from the performance reports. ↩