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Use Cases: Evaluation
- Ensuring wellbeing
- What do you mean all the rooms are booked?
- Nudge Me
- Intelligent Spaces for learning
- I think I know the way!
- I know how youre feeling
- Hey Siri, what do I need to learn?
- Adapting to needs – intelligent accessibility
- Do you need help?
- Going Mobile
- I didn’t know I needed to ask
- I recognise you…
- In the city there’s a thousand faces, all shining bright
- Location, Location, Education
- There’s no room!
- Building Analytics
- Finding your way
- How are we doing?
- I know what’s good for you
- I’m sorry that's my seat!
- If the walls could talk
- Smart Research
| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/06/21/ensuring-wellbeing |
| Functionality | The core functionality is to support the wellbeing of students outside of academic studies. For example, mental and physical health and security and safety. |
| Use Case Examples |
REAL WORLD Intelligent street lighting: The Future City Glasgow initiative keeps street lighting dim during quiet periods while noise sensors detect busy periods to bring up the lightening levels. Wellbeing Apps: Circle of Six App that keeps users in touch with 6 most trusted contacts with coordinates of user. GuardianSentral App which works with campus security and safety systems with location. POTENTIAL Service monitoring: Intelligent campus could monitor students purchases on site. For example, in take of alcohol purchased through student bars IoS monitoring: Internet of things enabled devices such as fridges could keep track of students available food and suggest healthy meals or healthier alternatives. Integration of personal fitness tools: With access to individuals fitness apps or wearable devices campus communities could create social opportunities or competitions based around aggregated student fitness data. Tracking information could include sleep patterns and heart rate data. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/06/06/what-do-you-mean-all-the-rooms-are-booked/ |
| Functionality | The core functionality is around making sure that space is being used efficiently, so that suitable activities are taking place in them and that the space is comfortable for those in the space. The functionality of the use case is to check that - Equipment is adequate for the activity taking place in the space - Access to equipment is not being obstructed by activities that do not need it. - Usage of the space comfortable |
| Use Case Examples |
Real World Timetabling of space: Cambridge University implement a system that reports live space usage through a web portal. System is integrated with the room booking system. Monitoring of rooms: Georgia Tech’s has a Smart Energy Campus Program which is able to quickly identify unusually high energy usage. Potential Further development of live space systems: Live reporting systems could be developed further to help with timetabling - are there optimum times for booking or could courses have flexible dates and times. Monitoring of rooms: Video monitoring of spaces could gather data on number of people using the space to note overcrowding. Other Sensors could monitor temperature and CO2 levels. User feedback for better rooms: Users of rooms could be asked for feedback on their specific needs so in the future they can be matched with the appropriate space. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/10/12/nudge-me/ |
| Functionality | The core functionality is to gentle encourage (nudge) individuals or groups to encourage a particular behaviour. |
| Use Case Examples |
Real World ‘non intelligent’ examples: Encouraging behaviour with small interventions is common but not always classed as as nudging. For example there are current examples of putting bins in the convenient places with green painted footsteps leading to the bin, or putting healthy food at eye level or using smaller plates in the campus cafeteria Piano stairs, enjoying a nudge: There are many of examples of stairs next to escalators being refurbished to replicate piano keys visually and to play notes when stepped on. Resulting in more people using the stairs rather than the escalator. “Your about to get in trouble” Leicester College and Manchester College use text based nudging to improve student attendance and attainment at Leicester College and Manchester College. Potential Healthy Eating: Information on allergies combined with campus menus to prove health access or allergy appropriate options Integration with existing trackers: Internet of things devices sensor opportunities for people to be nudged across campus. These could be integrated with current wearable devices that track our behaviour to nudge us to behave slightly different, by changing patterns of behaviour to make us work a little bit harder. For example taking a route that is currently more difficult to travel through. Data from public transport could be integrated to make offer public transport routes instead of driving. Nudges dependant on students situations: Student data could be used to nudge students dependent on their situation. For example students that are indicated at risk through their financial data could be nudged towards special offers in stores or towards free forms of entertainment. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/11/15/intelligent-spaces-for-learning/ |
| Functionality | The core functionality is the intelligent transformation of physical learning spaces. Using information regarding the space itself, activities that are taking place in it and the requirements of its users.
Functionality could be split into three areas.
Structural functionality: Does the structure of the room need to change? Walls, floors, ceilings. Changes to equipment, classroom setup, functionality of room: are there different equipment or classroom setups based on pedagogy needs.
Changes to environment: The space may respond to environmental changes such as lighting, humidity, heating, c02, microbial contaminants
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World The Decision Theatre: An intelligent space at Newcastle University uses interactive walls where users can share data from mobile devices. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/05/30/i-think-i-know-the-way/ |
| Functionality | The core functionality is creating enhanced campus maps. Smart maps enhanced by technology could work with classroom timetabling, campus events data and space usage data to give an intelligent real time map. |
| Use Case Examples |
Real world Integration with mapping services: As well as providing internal floor plans of buildings, institutions such as Warwick, York, Manchester and Edinburgh Universities are integrating mapping services such as Google maps to use functionality it provides such as street view, public services and transport. Filtering systems on these services allow filter to show facilities such as catering, accommodation, shops and cash machines. Energy Usage Maps: The University of Santa Barbara also adds layers and filters energy rating for every building. Machine Readable mapping data: Southampton University has released its mapping data is through the University's open data services in a machine readable format Potential Real time congestion calculation: Real time location of users gives congestion calculations for areas of the maps Best routes: Fasted calculated routes can take into account congestion data, as well as things such as weather, for example, suggesting a student can take the longer but more sheltered route during a rainy day Useful signation: Students or visitors are given additional signage to events or locations they may be interested in. Calendar of events can be integrated in to the maps so that events are signposted on the day that they take place. Accessibility: Additional routes to locations taking into account facilities such as wheelchair access based on user disability needs Resource Usage: Find routes to available resources such as a workstation or a seat in the library that is currently unoccupied Two way communication: Academic departments can be made aware of students on campus and their location. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/06/19/i-know-how-youre-feeling/ |
| Functionality | The core functionality is the ability to monitor emotional strain, level of attention and engagement on staff and students through emotional recognition software that works in conjunction with CCTV or classroom cameras. |
| Use Case Examples |
Real World Attendance Monitoring:Sichuan University China has previously used facial recognition for attendance and is now starting to use emotion recognition ESG business school is also planning on monitoring attendance levels via facial recognition but is also adding webcam analysis to online courses, to identify eye and facial movements. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/05/29/hey-siri-what-do-i-need-to-learn/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is to a provide natural language processing AI that allowings user to ask any type of question.
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Operating systems: Many operating systems have natural language processing AI. Apple’s Siri, Microsoft’s Cortana and Google’s Google Assistant Potential Personalised field trips: An AI assistant can give contextual information to a location that the student is in. Examples include history or architecture student being notified when tha AI assistant when walking past a building or historical site that relates to their course. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/10/09/adapting-to-needs-intelligent-accessibility/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is to address increasing demand for services from an increasing number of students with disabilities, by using intelligent solutions across campus to improve the student experience, encourage participation and improve outcomes.
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Lecture theatre adaptation: adopting different lighting settings or activating special access features, triggered by the arrival of a student Content storage for cross-platform distribution: automatically storing content from the lecture, shared and translated into multiple formats, available on platforms that are accessed by a variety of different devices Structured delivery of learning at student’s own pace Potential Integration of personal learning profiles: automatically incorporating personal profiles of learning styles, preferences and special considerations into teaching and learning activities Integration of communication interfaces: for example, speech-text conversion Connecting accessibility apps with classroom facilities |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/07/17/do-you-need-help/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is the use of facial recognition software and emotional recognition software to discover when students are “troubled” and might need an appropriate intervention.
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World None Potential Emotional Recognition in the Library: Using facial and emotional recognition software to support identification of students needing help. Needs to know what a “troubled” expression is. AI that predicts attitudes and actions based on facial expressions: Currently used in advertising. Apple, Google and Facebook all pursuing this. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/06/20/going-mobile/ |
| Functionality |
Mobile apps integrated with the intelligent campus. I think the key with this use case is not just “having mobile apps”, but taking the data, analysing / processing, then doing something. So, many current apps are perhaps “smart” but not “intelligent”.
The core current functionality is:
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Augmented reality: range of examples including: simulation environments in many disciplines Wearable devices: as new interfaces. Potential Removable or wearable implants: as new interfaces, particularly for recording everything the connected student sees, hears, learns. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/05/12/i-didnt-know-i-needed-to-ask/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is:
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Pushing notifications to learners...: learner location, date/time, learner journey from HEP systems (some of this is done via HEP mobile apps) Potential More potential in this for the future |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/05/28/i-recognise-you/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Henan Uni and Minjiang Uni in China: both have implemented pilot systems (Henan reports 100% attendance when used). (not in UK) Potential HEPs in UK could implement |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/06/12/in-the-city-theres-a-thousand-faces-all-shining-bright/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is:
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Newcastle Uni CITS (Cooperative Intelligent Transport System): control of critical route buses by digital technology in relation to student and staff traffic flows. Improvements to congestion, journeys, safety for cyclists, pollution >> driverless vehicles. Microgrids: Uni of California (and others) using own energy sources for microgrids. Also testbeds for use in smart city. Potential Milton Keynes, MK:Smart: OU and Bedfordshire Uni supply data to and receive from the MK Data Hub. Could be used for apps. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/11/16/location-location-education/ |
| Functionality |
Location aware learning:
Augmented reality:
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Appalachian State University: use of QR codes to identify native plants Australia Zoo App: links location to mobile learning module The University of Tampere in Finland: indoor and outdoor location pinpointing AR; Lookaround at International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore: provision of location based information on a mobile device using an AR interface Wikitude at Terracotta Warriors exhibition at the Franklin Institute Potential Athabasca University: investigating Mobile Virtual Campus, using mobile, AR and location-aware learning objects. |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/07/13/theres-no-room/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is:
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| Use Case Examples |
Real World Current examples (unspecified): manual and automated utilisation measures for self-assessment reports and proposals for expansion. Few realtime usages or presentation to students. Some through Google or library web pages. Potential Unspecified |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/10/11/building-analytics/ |
| Functionality |
Core functionality is using data about buildings to inform the management of the estate. These are broadly within the area of “smart building” technologies, but applied across a campus. Universities have large numbers of buildings of varying ages and conditions, spread over a wide geographic area, sometimes multiple campuses. Managing energy, waste and resources efficiently is important for a number of reasons, including financial pressures, environmental principles and regulations, and improved working conditions for campus users. |
| Use Case Examples |
Adaptive facilities: Using the occupancy of buildings and rooms to adjust heating, lighting, ventilation etc. Predictive facilities: Using the weather conditions and predicted occupancy of the room (e.g. by traffic monitoring); perhaps dynamic temperature that takes account of people coming in from the cold and then warming up as they adjust, or getting colder as they sit still. Predicting the conditions for the following day, setting heating and lighting accordingly ; informing room users of the conditions, or even what part of the room is warmer or colder. Adaptive energy use: Using the real time cost of energy usage, taking advantage of cheaper energy at different times Feedback on facilities: Use structured or unstructured feedback from people currently within the building, individually reporting their comfort level or reporting problems via mobile devices. Adaptive waste collection: Sensors reporting waste levels from bins to optimise collection. Smart maintenance: Wear and usage sensors predicting the need for preventative maintenance, reducing time and effort spent on building |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/10/12/finding-your-way/ |
| Functionality |
This use case is principally concerned with assisted wayfinding.
Digital maps and records of buildings and facilities could be combined with knowledge of the user’s location to provide information on routes, timings and facilities. Their mobile device could tell students (and staff) where the closest free work station, desk, or collaboration area is as they move around campus. |
| Use Case Examples |
Real-time information about parking spaces is used to control digital signage and a diagram showing the allocated parking space is shown to the user. Updating names and locations in the digital directory is immediately reflected on screens and signage. Wayfinding solutions to provide information on key aspects such as waiting times at queues. A beacon-based positioning system enables an augmented reality wayfinding tool |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/10/19/how-are-we-doing/ |
| Functionality |
The core functionality is to obtain feedback on the IC itself, specifically:
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| Use Case Examples |
Happy Sheet: Capture of unstructured feedback with natural language processing. Make Me Smile: Emoticon-based satisfaction capture using dedicated button bars. Power of the Touch: Touchscreen-based structured feedback. Mobile Feedback: Mobile-based structured feedback. Being Sociable: Passive social media capture of unstructured feedback We Know What You’re Thinking: Sentiment/Emotion recognition The “Internet of Things” is watching: Derived cues from other behaviour |
| Measures and notes |
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| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/05/16/i-know-whats-good-for-you/ |
| Functionality |
The use case explore how an intelligent campus could (with consent) support a learner’s health and wellbeing as a goal rather rather than simply increase efficiency. |
| Use Case Examples |
Wayfinding combined with exercise goals: “Imagine the scenario where a learner has requested the university intelligent agent to help them be more healthy. The learner arrives on campus and asks Siri or their university intelligent agent where can I get on a computer, the university intelligent agent doesn’t send the learner to the closest free computer, but recommends the learner go to a computer lab on the other side of campus.” Programmed break recommendations and targeted offers for healthy nudges: After two hours the university intelligent agent then recommends the learner take a break and provides a voucher for a free or cut price healthy snack and drink in the coffee shop on the other side of campus. Campus health analytics: The university can use the resulting data (with consent) to analyse what interventions are successful and which ones aren’t. Overall the result will be learners who are healthier, potentially happier (wellbeing) and this could have an impact on the overall learning experience. |
| Measures and notes |
Use Unstructured Feedback and Structured Feedback to determine whether the advice is working as intended, and assess the success of interventions. Use Student Location combined with Student Preferences to create tailored Wayfinding Algorithm results that meet health objectives. Use Physical Wellbeing sensors and Student Preferences to create Targeted Offers. |
| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/03/06/im-sorry-thats-my-seat/ |
| Functionality |
Availability: Informing learners about availability and capacity of learning spaces in the library or other resources, even how busy cafes are, based not just on booking information but also live data, and predictive analytics to indicate likely busy times. |
| Use Case Examples | |
| Measures and notes |
Combine occupancy and possibly traffic measures with predictive analytics to offer both live and predicted availability of a resource. Use student location with a wayfinding algorithm to suggest alternatives. |
| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/05/03/if-the-walls-could-talk/ |
| Functionality |
Space utilisation and learning effectiveness: Could we use data gathered from teachers and students, as well as space usage, to inform and improve teaching and learning? Could we also identify spaces that are generally poor for learning regardless of what courses use them? |
| Use Case Examples | |
| Measures and notes |
Combine information about occupancy, environment monitoring, sentiment/emotion, unstructured feedback, structured feedback, environment accessibility and student preferences; use learning analytics algorithms to create better choices of teaching locations for specific outcomes for a given cohort and lecturer; similarly, use the same algorithms to identify how effective spaces are in general across courses - are there some particularly effective spaces? |
| URL | https://intelligentcampus.jiscinvolve.org/wp/2017/05/28/smart-research-on-the-intelligent-campus/ |
| Functionality |
Connected research equipment: There are already instances of the use of the Internet of Things in the research lab. For example, freezers used by the evolutionary-biology laboratory at Harvard University, holding valuable samples, are internet connected and able to message researchers, who may not be on campus, on their current status. Using the IC as a research tool: Using the whole campus for research, providing researchers with access to sensors and data. For example, the Twente Living Campus experiments. This potentially uses all measures in the ontology. |
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