Fix std::out_of_range in ApplyWithSubqueryVisitor with dictGet

[Avogar]

Changelog category (leave one):

• Critical Bug Fix (crash, data loss, RBAC) or LOGICAL_ERROR

Changelog entry (a user-readable short description of the changes that goes into CHANGELOG.md):

Fix std::out_of_range in CTE with dictGet with no arguments. Closes #91027

Fixes: #90860

[clickhouse-gh]

Workflow [PR], commit [d87e5aa]

Summary: ❌

job_name	test_name	status	info	comment
Stateless tests (arm_asan, targeted)		failure
	02015_async_inserts_4	FAIL	cidb
	02015_async_inserts_4	FAIL	cidb
Stateless tests (amd_binary, ParallelReplicas, s3 storage, parallel)		failure
	03514_grace_hash_join_logical_error	FAIL	cidb, flaky
Stateless tests (amd_debug, parallel)		failure
	03702_alter_column_update_and_delete_with_secondary_index_drop	FAIL	cidb
Stateless tests (amd_tsan, parallel)		failure
	03212_variant_dynamic_cast_or_default	FAIL	cidb, flaky
Integration tests (amd_asan, db disk, old analyzer, 5/6)		failure
	test_dictionaries_update_and_reload/test.py::test_reload_while_loading	FAIL	cidb
Stress test (amd_debug)		failure
	Server died	FAIL	cidb
	Hung check failed, possible deadlock found (see hung_check.log)	FAIL	cidb
	Killed by signal (in clickhouse-server.log)	FAIL	cidb
	Fatal message in clickhouse-server.log (see fatal_messages.txt)	FAIL	cidb
	Killed by signal (output files)	FAIL	cidb
	Found signal in gdb.log	FAIL	cidb
BuzzHouse (amd_debug)		failure
	Logical error: 'Inconsistent AST formatting: the query:	FAIL	cidb, flaky
BuzzHouse (amd_msan)		failure
	Unknown error	FAIL	cidb
	OOM in dmesg	FAIL	cidb