Quick start · Commands · Workflows · File safety · Scripting · Installation · Troubleshooting · Contributing · License

Command-line tools for photographers.

photoc helps you review, organize, and prepare photos from the terminal: summarize a shoot, read metadata, find blurry shots and exact duplicates, rename and sort into folders, make contact sheets and smaller copies, or remove GPS before sharing. Most commands work in shell scripts; review needs a terminal. By default, inline previews appear only in a detected direct iTerm2 session; other terminals stay text-only. Inspection commands can print JSON. Large JPEGs may use temporary in-memory previews, which do not change the originals (review guide).

photoc reads JPEG files and metadata from Sony ARW RAW files. Other RAW formats (CR3, NEF, RAF, DNG, …) and HEIC are not supported yet (File-type support). It does not develop RAW files, edit images, catalog a library, or replace a metadata editor such as ExifTool. Windows is not supported yet.

Originals stay unchanged unless you pass --apply (rename, sort) or --in-place (scrub). Read-only commands only read. Commands that create files write new copies next to your originals or in a folder you choose, and never overwrite unrelated output files (File safety).

Install photoc from its Homebrew tap (macOS or Linux with Homebrew):

brew install ahmetomerv/photoc/photoc
photoc --version

The qualified name adds the tap automatically; Homebrew installs the required libraries. For a prebuilt executable instead, use the shell installer.

Then try these commands on your own photos (review saves marks in a separate state file; the others shown here only read):

photoc --help                         # list commands
photoc review ./photos                # interactively mark JPEGs to keep or reject
photoc exif photo.jpg                 # one photo's metadata
photoc stats ./photos --recursive     # summarize a folder and its subfolders
photoc timeline ./photos              # review a shoot by session

For example, photoc rename ./shoot --format '{date}_{camera}_{sequence}.{ext}' previews these three sample JPEGs without changing any files:

session_1000.jpg -> 2026-09-27_Model S_0001.jpg
session_1030.jpg -> 2026-09-27_Model S_0002.jpg
session_1200.jpg -> 2026-09-27_Model S_0003.jpg
Summary: 3 JPEG, 3 planned, 0 unchanged, 0 blocked, 0 applied, 0 rolled back

For help with a specific command, run photoc <command> --help or man photoc.

Directory scans look only inside the chosen folder unless you add --recursive, and they do not follow symlinks. Quote paths containing spaces, such as photoc exif "Summer trip/photo.jpg". Put options before -- when a path begins with -, for example photoc exif -- -photo.jpg.

Each command name links to its guide with options, examples, limits, and a JSON schema where supported. All guides are listed in the documentation index.

Review (interactive; photo files unchanged):

Inspect (read-only):

Organize (preview by default; add --apply to change files):

Make copies (originals unchanged by default):

--json works with exif, stats, timeline, query, duplicates, focus, and check. Longer directory operations show progress on stderr; use --no-progress to turn it off.

ARW support is metadata only: no RAW development, pixel decoding, compression, or GPS rewriting. Files are matched by extension (.jpg, .jpeg, .arw, case-insensitive). See Sony ARW metadata support for fields and limits. Want your camera supported? See Contributing.

These recipes combine commands the way you might use them after a shoot. Commands that change files are shown in two steps: preview, then apply.

# See how the day breaks into sessions. Adjust --gap to match how you shoot.
photoc timeline ./shoot --gap 45m

# Preview new names, then apply the same command.
photoc rename ./shoot --format '{date}_{camera}_{sequence}.{ext}'
photoc rename ./shoot --format '{date}_{camera}_{sequence}.{ext}' --apply

# Preview session folders, then apply.
photoc sort ./shoot --by session --gap 45m
photoc sort ./shoot --by session --gap 45m --apply

If any photo lacks the metadata a plan needs, such as a capture date, the whole plan is blocked and nothing changes. The preview lists the blocked files.

# Browse the shoot and save picked/rejected marks in .photoc-review.json.
photoc review ./shoot

# Lowest sharpness scores first; show only those below the threshold.
photoc focus ./shoot --recursive --threshold 100 --only-blurry

# Byte-identical copies, for example from importing a card twice.
photoc duplicates ./shoot --recursive

Sharpness scores are a review aid, not a verdict: subject detail, noise, and intentional blur all affect them. photoc never deletes files; you decide what to remove.

# Write compressed copies into ./share, keeping the originals.
photoc compress ./selects --recursive --target 2MB --output-dir ./share

# Remove location and identifying metadata from those copies.
photoc scrub ./share --privacy --recursive --in-place

# Confirm no copy still has GPS (prints nothing when clean).
photoc query ./share --recursive --has-gps

compress keeps EXIF, including GPS, by default, so scrub after compressing. --in-place is used here only because ./share contains copies; it replaces files without a backup. --privacy can leave data in opaque MakerNotes; see the scrub limits.

photoc query ./photos --recursive --iso ">800" --aperture "<=4"
photoc query ./photos --camera "DSC-RX100M7A"
photoc query ./photos --after 2026-01-01 --before 2026-12-31

Filters are combined with AND, and date bounds include the named days. See query details for matching rules and NUL-separated output.

# Contact sheet with exposure data, sorted by capture time.
photoc contact ./shoot --output sheet.jpg --metadata --sort date

# Check a folder for corrupt or truncated JPEGs.
photoc check ./photos --recursive --only-errors

# Save statistics as JSON for your own scripts.
photoc stats ./photos --recursive --json > stats.json

Important details:

• Review saves only picked/rejected marks in a versioned state file. It never changes JPEG data, filenames, or locations; quitting without a mark creates no state file. See interactive review.
• Rename and sort check the whole plan before changing anything. If a rename or move fails, photoc tries to undo earlier changes, but another process changing files at the same time can prevent full recovery. Keep backups of important collections.
• Compress loses image detail and can produce a larger file. EXIF (including orientation and GPS), ICC color profiles, and XMP are preserved; other APP markers are not copied. If a --target size cannot be reached, photoc still writes a copy at the minimum quality and exits with status 1. 2MB means 2,000,000 bytes; 2MiB means 2,097,152 bytes. See metadata preservation.
• Compress memory scales with one file at a time: the source JPEG, the decoded RGB image (3 * width * height bytes), a metadata snapshot up to 64 MiB, and the encoded output. A --target search retains one winning encode between probes; a new candidate can briefly coexist with it. Large images use proportionally more memory. See memory use.
• Scrub copies JPEG image data without recompression. --gps removes EXIF GPS only; --privacy removes supported location and identifier fields; --all-metadata removes descriptive metadata but keeps ICC profiles and orientation. Information in opaque MakerNotes or unknown formats may remain.
• scrub --in-place creates no backup. It verifies a temporary copy, then replaces the original in one atomic step. Symlinks, hard links, and files that change during processing are refused. Permission bits and group ownership are kept; ACLs and extended attributes are not copied.
• Check reads without changing anything. An OK result is not a backup or a visual-quality guarantee. See audit limits.

Results go to stdout; status text, warnings, errors, and progress go to stderr. --json output contains only JSON, and missing values are null.

photoc exif photo.jpg --json | jq '.exposure'
photoc timeline ./photos --json | jq '.summary'
photoc query ./photos --recursive --has-gps --print0 | xargs -0 ls -l

Global options work before or after the command: -q/--quiet keeps results but hides status text and non-critical warnings, -v/--verbose adds diagnostics on stderr, and --no-progress disables the progress display.

The scripting guide covers JSON details, per-command exit code rules, progress, and exactly what quiet and verbose modes show.

The Quick start uses the project's Homebrew tap. It builds photoc from source and manages its dependencies. After a new version is published to the tap, update an existing Homebrew installation with:

brew update
brew upgrade photoc
photoc --version

brew update refreshes the tap; brew upgrade photoc installs the newer version. The version badge at the top tracks GitHub releases; Homebrew offers that version after the update pull request for the tap formula is merged. See the installation guide for details.

The shell installer downloads a checksum-verified prebuilt release for macOS arm64, macOS x86_64, or Linux x86_64 to $HOME/.local/bin. Install the runtime libraries for your system first:

# macOS
brew install libexif jpeg-turbo libxml2

# Ubuntu / Debian
sudo apt install libexif12 libturbojpeg libjpeg8 libxml2

Then download and run the installer:

curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ahmetomerv/photoc/main/scripts/install.sh \
  -o install-photoc.sh
sh install-photoc.sh
photoc --version

Release binaries require macOS 15 or later, or glibc-based Linux with glibc 2.35 or later. The installer verifies the download's SHA-256 checksum and never replaces an existing file. If photoc is not found, see Add photoc to your PATH.

• Choose a version or directory: sh install-photoc.sh --version vX.Y.Z --install-dir "$HOME/bin"

• Upgrade: preview and remove the tracked shell installation, then run the installer again; see Upgrading.

• Uninstall: download the uninstaller, preview, then apply:

  curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ahmetomerv/photoc/main/scripts/uninstall.sh \
    -o uninstall-photoc.sh
  sh uninstall-photoc.sh          # preview
  sh uninstall-photoc.sh --apply  # remove

  This removes only an unchanged shell-installer installation.

The installation guide also covers source builds, shell completions, install locations, the man page, and upgrade behavior. Source and manual installations have their own uninstall instructions.

For anything else, open an issue with the command you ran, photoc --version, your OS, and the full error output.

Bug reports, documentation fixes, and focused code changes are welcome. You can also help without writing C: photographers can share sample files from other cameras so support for more formats can be tested.

For changes, open a pull request from a branch into main and follow the contributor checks.

• CONTRIBUTING.md: building, testing, sanitizers, static analysis, and project references for maintainers.
• Documentation index: every command guide and reference page.
• Release notes: what changed in each version.

Please follow the code of conduct. For file corruption, unsafe overwrites, or suspected vulnerabilities, follow the private reporting steps in SECURITY.md.

photoc's source is licensed under the MIT License. Dependencies retain their own licenses; see third-party notices. This software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.