ARROW-10952: [Rust] Add pre-commit hook

[mqy]

If a commit contains only fixes for rust format, it would be very sad to wait for the slow CI checking done, and it may block the CI checking for other PRs.

So, this PR adds a git pre-commit hook file, which performs the "cargo fmt --check"

[codecov-io]

Codecov Report

Merging #8953 (32177e9) into master (d65ba4e) will increase coverage by 0.00%.
The diff coverage is n/a.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #8953   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   83.25%   83.25%           
=======================================
  Files         196      196           
  Lines       48116    48192   +76     
=======================================
+ Hits        40059    40124   +65     
- Misses       8057     8068   +11     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
rust/parquet/src/arrow/array_reader.rs	77.00% <0.00%> (-0.56%)	⬇️
rust/parquet/src/arrow/schema.rs	91.31% <0.00%> (-0.50%)	⬇️
rust/parquet/src/encodings/encoding.rs	95.24% <0.00%> (-0.20%)	⬇️
rust/parquet/src/file/statistics.rs	93.80% <0.00%> (ø)
rust/arrow/src/array/array_binary.rs	90.73% <0.00%> (+0.21%)	⬆️
rust/parquet/src/schema/types.rs	90.19% <0.00%> (+0.26%)	⬆️
rust/datafusion/src/datasource/parquet.rs	95.62% <0.00%> (+0.30%)	⬆️
rust/parquet/src/arrow/arrow_reader.rs	91.25% <0.00%> (+0.66%)	⬆️
rust/parquet/src/file/metadata.rs	91.82% <0.00%> (+0.77%)	⬆️
rust/datafusion/src/physical_plan/parquet.rs	79.56% <0.00%> (+0.91%)	⬆️
... and 1 more

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[github-actions]

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ARROW-10952

[alamb]

I tested this out locally and it worked well for me (MacOS). I typically don't use git commit hooks, but I think this is a nice contribution to assist those who would like to do so.

what do you think @nevi-me / @jorgecarleitao / @andygrove / @Dandandan ?

[Dandandan]

Pre-commit hooks 👍

First thoughts:

• Why not just fmt instead of check?
• Would it make sense to run clippy too?

[jorgecarleitao]

LGTM. I haven't used git hooks much for Rust, but I think it is a good idea. :) Thanks @mqy for this.

[jorgecarleitao]

Just to make it dead simple to people less experienced in git, would it be possible to paste the command here? E.g.

cp rust/pre-commit.sh ../.git/hooks/pre-commit

or

ln ...

[mqy]

@jorgecarleitao good idea!

I have tried this way but finally aborted.
One of the reason is: one line command for copy/paste is not enough -- if the pre-commit file already exists, copy/link may fail or override them unexpectedly, thus additional check/prompt would make the commands lengthy.

Anyway, let me try again.

[mqy]

Pre-commit hooks 👍

First thoughts:

• Why not just fmt instead of check?
• Would it make sense to run clippy too?

I'm glad to add above tasks as our new client side tiny git flow :) Let me try!

[mqy]

Updated. NOTE: /bin/sh was changed to /bin/bash

Although I had a few experience on TTY color before, honestly speaking, I'm not quite confident about the color behavior on various shells. Feed back welcome!

[alamb]

I think this is looking good @mqy -- thanks for the doc updates. Given it is an opt in and well documented, I am merging this in and we can iterate in subsequent PRs.