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Ethan Lee Notebook
- Looked over week 1 presentation in order to pick which subgroup I wanted to be included in.
- Looked over the Fall 2024 co-simulation lecture to better understand the goal of Cyber Physical Systems.
- Discussed meeting times for device modeling team (3:30 pm, Sunday EST).
- In our weekly meet up, I chose to be apart of the monitoring sub team for device modeling.
- As a group, we divided the slides up for our kickoff presentation.
- I worked on the monitoring sub team tasks by looking through the previous semester's final presentations.
- As a group, we discussed that our goals for this week were to complete the necessary installations for nix.
- Another goal we had was to start our own notebooks and place them in the github wiki.
- Brainstormed and researched about scenarios that could go wrong in substations.
- Specifically, transformer errors, ensuring switch gears and their voltages and maintained correctly.
- Tried to run the example on my device, however, there is an error for M2-M3 chips that does not allow gridlabd to run.
- Looking into installing an image of arm64.
- Read over MODBUS and DNP3 documents to gain a better understand of the underlying systems.
- Working on installing ARM64 image qemu, using https://theboreddev.com/run-ubuntu-on-mac-using-qemu/ (Don't have flash drive or UBUNTU DVD at the moment)
- Also since there is not a lot of actual coding that the monitoring team can do, I am looking over more scenarios that can go wrong in substations.
- Possibility of helping the modeling sub team
- Installing ROS docker to fix issues with Mac chip not working on example.sh
- Researched case study on 2012 India Blackout for research paper
- Wrote part of the previous work section about case study and its alignment with our research.
- Contributed to the monitoring team tasks on the midpoint presentation for device modeling.
- UPDATE: Due to conflict with work schedule I was not able to make meetings on Sunday, however, I am checking in with my team members for updates and goals that I can work on.
- After our in person class, we came up with some goals for the monitoring team to help out device modeling.
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- Work on a new helics federate component that represents a simple example.
- To start the goal from last week I looked through the simple gridlabd example : https://github.com/cps-vip/cps-cosimulation-env/tree/main/simple_gridlabd_example.
- Also looked through the .json and .py files to better understand what needs to be done.
- Because I did not know a lot about helics before, I decided to read the helics document : https://docs.helics.org/en/latest/user-guide/index.html
- Read through from the orientation -> examples
- Learned more about federates, timing variables, publishers and subscribers, and types of data to send and receive.
- I had a fairly busy week, so I did not have much time to work on my VIP goals.
- Instead of working on the simple helics example, I talked with Alex from networking to see what would be the most beneficial to help them as they were creating their models.
- We decided that we would start implementing the .py and .json files in either the bay-level, station-level, or process-level of the simulation.
- Since most of the process-level files had not been worked on, the monitoring team took up the goal to work on understanding and implementing these files.
- Reading through incomplete process level files, as well as implementing some .json files in the GitHub repository.
- Worked on the goals section of the final presentation.
- Added new sub-tasks on the presentation, such as implementing process level json files and python files.
- A new goal discussed after class would be working in tangent with ROS-HELICS and adding more fault detection in files.
- Researched case study on the 2003 Northeast Blackout.
- Added details about how monitoring substations and power grid and our work could be beneficial in cases such as the 2003 Northeast Blackout as well as recent events such as the Cuban blackout.
- Finalized sub-teams with new members.
- Discussed how to move forward on our intro presentation.
- Created sub-team goal slides, specifically with future goals
- Had a sub team meeting with Dhruv and Reva. We discussed our next steps moving forward because we have been at a standstill.
- We are also discussing times that we should discuss our ideas with our instructors.
- Still discussing details on how to progress on our goals.
- Meeting with our instructor this week.
- Goals:
- Develop Threshold-Based Fault Detection System: Implement a fault detection system that identifies and documents expected voltage and ranges for normal operations. Implement logic to compare values against inflated and minute thresholds. Research and Implement Anomaly Detection Procedures: Research existing scholarly papers on anomaly detection algorithms while implementing a baseline comparison by calculating and comparing historical averages to flag deviations.
- Worked on starting a new python file, detecting out of range values.
# 2/27/25
* Still looking at progress on what other details that I should add to my class.
# 3/3/25 - 3/16/25
Due to a lot of exams, I was not able to work on my files that much.
# 3/17/25 - 3/27/25
# 4/1/25
* Continued to work on the anomaly threat detection file
# 3/10/25
* Checked if we could make any additions to the HELICS federate which Dhruv and Reva working on.
# 3/17/25
* Finished implementing my python class, which takes into account statistics such as mean and standard deviations of voltage levels.
* Worked on final presentation as well as final paper.
- Met new group members and created a new security sub team.
- Helped create new goals and sub tasks for the security group in the kickoff presentation. Goals:
- Develop or standardize secure OT Communication frameworks: Replace insecure protocols (DNP3, Modbus) with a secure alternative.
- Design a plan for defense and threat monitoring: Research and find the infrastructure to secure OT devices.
- Task 1 - Research OT (operational technology) best practices and current landscape: Grab documentation on industry based practices and what is used in OT now.
- Task 2 - Understand devices in the substation and their security posture: Identify OT devices, and assess and evaluate their risks and potential threat vectors.
- Task 3 - Research and understand the holistic connection between Feeder Protection Relays (SEL-751) Identify features, supported protocols, and its role in substations.
- Researched over SEL 751 Feeder Protection Relay and compiled notes on its functions, protocols, threat points.
- Found a paper on a some limitations of feeder protection relay https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/17/4691
- notes: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1q1pWh-YTWBZ43YD6-COKcXT_38rmU3HZdF4v82rdtiE/edit?usp=sharing
- Researching over the Hitachi Current transformer CA (230 - 800 kV).
- Working on finding threat vulnerabilities and such.
- Under the weather, tried to continue research on implemented devices.
- Group meeting discussion on next steps to move forward as well as potential long term goals
- Continuing research on current transformer.
- Currently working on the current transformer using: https://www.hitachienergy.com/us/en/products-and-solutions/instrument-transformers/current-transformers-and-sensors/ca-230-800-kv?
- Midterm presentation in class
- Spoke with Sam and reached some new goals:
- Find firmware and do initial analysis on theorized vulnerabilities for sel-751
- Identify edge cases to identify problems in device model
- Secure DNP3 alternative and DNP3 libraries secure functions
- Research why DNP3 is insecure, how do available alternatives protect against it, and how would we implement it
- Threat modeling-device level & protocol level
- Beginning threat model research and creation, as well as researching DNP3 Secure (learning about what it provides)
- Researched papers on the pitfalls as well as the benefits of DNP3 Secure.
- Specifically its applications, benefits in confidentiality, integrity, and availability properties.
- Though it has its benefits, DNP3 Secure does not have practical applications in the substation environment.
- Added information to the final presentation slides.
- Removed necessary goals which were completed.
- Updated necessary completed devices as well as worked on threat model for devices.
- Final presentation week.
- Discussed with group over plans for next semester over security sub-team.
- School holiday
- Added information for final presentation on other implemented devices: bay controller, switchgear, etc, as well as the benefits of DNP3 Secure and its practicality.