Brief summary
Hello NVAccess team, there is really a frustrating issue in math cat in NVDA 2026.1. While reading any document, In any equation, if there is an upper case variable and if I instantly press up/down arrow to go to next line, NVDA also started to read in upper case higher pitch. This problem is arrising when I'm using speak NG. I prefer speak NG as my primary synthesizer because of its reliability, responsivenesss and speed. But, due to this problem, it is really creating difficulties for me.
For EG: I'm reading a document either word document or HTML document having math equations. I encounter an equation having capital variable. I don't want to read this. If I instantly go up/down, speak ng also reads all the things in higher pitch.
So, please fix this bug. Regards.
Steps to reproduce
- I opened word document.
- I opened my one physics note from the recents category.
- I did the steps which I said above. More you can see in the speech viewer and NVDA logs.
I used the following word document to demonstrate the issue:
Kinetic theory.docx
See below for logs and speech viewer.
Actual behavior
Explained above.
NVDA Speech viewer:
"NVDA Speech Viewer
Show Speech Viewer on Startup check box not checked Alt+ s
windows+m
Desktop list
Bibek not selected 1 of 24
Start window
Search window
Search box edit blank
w
WhatsApp, App, Press right to view options 1 of 5
o
Word, App, Press right to view options 1 of 5
r
d
enter
word
pane
Word
Home grouping
New grouping 1 of 2
Templates list 3 of 3
Blank document Alt, F , H , Y 3 1 of 7
C:\Users\Bibek\Documents\Kinetic theory.docx tool tip
tab
Open grouping 2 of 2
Recent button Alt, F , H , Y A 1 of 5
tab
Favorites button Alt, F , H , Y B 2 of 5
tab
Shared with Me button Alt, F , H , Y C 3 of 5
tab
Search edit Search your recent files by file name Alt, F , H , E blank
tab
Recent list 4 of 5
Kinetic theory.docx docx. Most recently used on: 46m ago. Path: Documents. Not favorited. Alt, F , H , Y D 1 of 10
enter
tool bar
Resume Reading window
pane
Resume Reading button Continue where you left off the last time you were reading this document
Kinetic theory.docx - Word
document Print layout page 3 section 1 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
home
L
Lima
right arrow
e
Echo
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
up arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
up arrow
Again,
up arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
up arrow
page 2 constant volume is called pressure coefficient of gas. Its symbol is spelling error γ subscript v baseline .
up arrow
The change in pressure per unit original pressure per unit change in temperature of gas at
up arrow
heading level 1 Pressure coefficient ( spelling error γ subscript v baseline )
up arrow
is equal to v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
heading level 1 Pressure coefficient ( spelling error γ subscript v baseline )
down arrow
The change in pressure per unit original pressure per unit change in temperature of gas at
down arrow
constant volume is called pressure coefficient of gas. Its symbol is spelling error γ subscript v baseline .
down arrow
page 3 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
home
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren equation,
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
down arrow
p theta is equal to p sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p times theta close paren section 1
up arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
up arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
up arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
ctrl+home
page 1 Kinetic theory
ctrl+page down
the fraction with numerator v theta and denominator v sub 0 minus 1 is equal to gamma sub p open paren 273 plus theta close paren page 2 section 1
ctrl+page down
page 3 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
ctrl+page down
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
ctrl+page down
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
up arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
Ribbon Tabs tab control expanded
Home tab selected Alt, H 2 of 11
escape
document Print layout p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren page 3 section 1
ctrl+home
page 1 Kinetic theory
down arrow
heading level 1 Boyle’s law
down arrow
Boyle’s law states that at constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas is directly
down arrow
proportional to the volume.
down arrow
Let us consider a gas having pressure, volume and temperature be P, V and T respectively. The
down arrow
gas is about to expand at constant temperature. The pressure changes to P2 and V2
ctrl+page down
the fraction with numerator v theta and denominator v sub 0 minus 1 is equal to gamma sub p open paren 273 plus theta close paren page 2 section 1
ctrl+page down
page 3 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
alt+f4
NVDA Speech Viewer
Show Speech Viewer on Startup check box not checked Alt+ s
tab
tab
Show Speech Viewer on Startup check box not checked Alt+ s
tab"
Expected behavior
Regardless of capital variable in an equation, NVDA should read the other things normally while using speak ng.
NVDA logs, crash dumps and other attachments
nvda.log
nvda-old.log
NVDA type
installed copy
NVDA version
2026.1.1 (2026.1.1.55980)
Have you tried any other versions of NVDA? If so, please report their behaviors.
In NVDA 2025.3.3, with math cat add-on, this problem doesn't exist.
Windows version
Windows 11 25H2 (AMD64) build 26200.8457
Name and version of other software in use when reproducing the issue
Microsoft office word 365
Other information about your system
No response
Does the issue still occur after restarting your computer?
I have restarted my computer and the issue still occurs
If NVDA add-ons are disabled, is your problem still occurring?
I have restarted NVDA with add-ons disabled and the issue still occurs
Does the issue still occur after you run the System Accessibility Repair Tool (COM Registration Fixing Tool in older versions) in NVDA's tools menu?
I have run the System Accessibility Repair Tool and the issue still occurs
Brief summary
Hello NVAccess team, there is really a frustrating issue in math cat in NVDA 2026.1. While reading any document, In any equation, if there is an upper case variable and if I instantly press up/down arrow to go to next line, NVDA also started to read in upper case higher pitch. This problem is arrising when I'm using speak NG. I prefer speak NG as my primary synthesizer because of its reliability, responsivenesss and speed. But, due to this problem, it is really creating difficulties for me.
For EG: I'm reading a document either word document or HTML document having math equations. I encounter an equation having capital variable. I don't want to read this. If I instantly go up/down, speak ng also reads all the things in higher pitch.
So, please fix this bug. Regards.
Steps to reproduce
I used the following word document to demonstrate the issue:
Kinetic theory.docx
See below for logs and speech viewer.
Actual behavior
Explained above.
NVDA Speech viewer:
"NVDA Speech Viewer
Show Speech Viewer on Startup check box not checked Alt+ s
windows+m
Desktop list
Bibek not selected 1 of 24
Start window
Search window
Search box edit blank
w
WhatsApp, App, Press right to view options 1 of 5
o
Word, App, Press right to view options 1 of 5
r
d
enter
word
pane
Word
Home grouping
New grouping 1 of 2
Templates list 3 of 3
Blank document Alt, F , H , Y 3 1 of 7
C:\Users\Bibek\Documents\Kinetic theory.docx tool tip
tab
Open grouping 2 of 2
Recent button Alt, F , H , Y A 1 of 5
tab
Favorites button Alt, F , H , Y B 2 of 5
tab
Shared with Me button Alt, F , H , Y C 3 of 5
tab
Search edit Search your recent files by file name Alt, F , H , E blank
tab
Recent list 4 of 5
Kinetic theory.docx docx. Most recently used on: 46m ago. Path: Documents. Not favorited. Alt, F , H , Y D 1 of 10
enter
tool bar
Resume Reading window
pane
Resume Reading button Continue where you left off the last time you were reading this document
Kinetic theory.docx - Word
document Print layout page 3 section 1 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
home
L
Lima
right arrow
e
Echo
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
up arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
up arrow
Again,
up arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
up arrow
page 2 constant volume is called pressure coefficient of gas. Its symbol is spelling error γ subscript v baseline .
up arrow
The change in pressure per unit original pressure per unit change in temperature of gas at
up arrow
heading level 1 Pressure coefficient ( spelling error γ subscript v baseline )
up arrow
is equal to v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
heading level 1 Pressure coefficient ( spelling error γ subscript v baseline )
down arrow
The change in pressure per unit original pressure per unit change in temperature of gas at
down arrow
constant volume is called pressure coefficient of gas. Its symbol is spelling error γ subscript v baseline .
down arrow
page 3 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
home
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren equation,
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
down arrow
p theta is equal to p sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p times theta close paren section 1
up arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
up arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
up arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
= p theta times v sub 0
ctrl+home
page 1 Kinetic theory
ctrl+page down
the fraction with numerator v theta and denominator v sub 0 minus 1 is equal to gamma sub p open paren 273 plus theta close paren page 2 section 1
ctrl+page down
page 3 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
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heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
ctrl+page down
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
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Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
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the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
up arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
up arrow
heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
down arrow
Again,
down arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
up arrow
When the volume of gas changes in grammar error a such a way that the volume of the gas becomes the
down arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
original volume inert and pressure spelling error pθ keeping the temperature constant. So, from Boyles’ law,
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
down arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
up arrow
p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren section 1
Ribbon Tabs tab control expanded
Home tab selected Alt, H 2 of 11
escape
document Print layout p sub 0 times v sub 0 is equal to p sub 0 times v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren page 3 section 1
ctrl+home
page 1 Kinetic theory
down arrow
heading level 1 Boyle’s law
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Boyle’s law states that at constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas is directly
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proportional to the volume.
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Let us consider a gas having pressure, volume and temperature be P, V and T respectively. The
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gas is about to expand at constant temperature. The pressure changes to P2 and V2
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the fraction with numerator v theta and denominator v sub 0 minus 1 is equal to gamma sub p open paren 273 plus theta close paren page 2 section 1
ctrl+page down
page 3 heading level 2 Relation between pressure coefficient and volume coefficient
down arrow
Let e sub 0 and v sub 0 be the volume of gas at 0°C when the temperature of gas changes to θ°C keeping
down arrow
the pressure constant, its volume changes Vθ. So, Vθ = v sub 0 open paren 1 plus gamma sub p theta close paren --- (I)
alt+f4
NVDA Speech Viewer
Show Speech Viewer on Startup check box not checked Alt+ s
tab
tab
Show Speech Viewer on Startup check box not checked Alt+ s
tab"
Expected behavior
Regardless of capital variable in an equation, NVDA should read the other things normally while using speak ng.
NVDA logs, crash dumps and other attachments
nvda.log
nvda-old.log
NVDA type
installed copy
NVDA version
2026.1.1 (2026.1.1.55980)
Have you tried any other versions of NVDA? If so, please report their behaviors.
In NVDA 2025.3.3, with math cat add-on, this problem doesn't exist.
Windows version
Windows 11 25H2 (AMD64) build 26200.8457
Name and version of other software in use when reproducing the issue
Microsoft office word 365
Other information about your system
No response
Does the issue still occur after restarting your computer?
I have restarted my computer and the issue still occurs
If NVDA add-ons are disabled, is your problem still occurring?
I have restarted NVDA with add-ons disabled and the issue still occurs
Does the issue still occur after you run the System Accessibility Repair Tool (COM Registration Fixing Tool in older versions) in NVDA's tools menu?
I have run the System Accessibility Repair Tool and the issue still occurs