[iOS Release Workflow] Automatically set most recent Xcode version

[CassioMG]

What

Automatically set most recent stable Xcode version on iOS Release workflow.
Set macOS to 26 and display image information.
Log more debug info (e.g. print detected release branches).

Why

So that devs don't need to worry about manually updating it every time Xcode upgrades.

Known limitations

N/A

Checklist

PR structure

• This PR does not mix refactoring changes with feature changes (break it down into smaller PRs if not).
• This PR has reasonably narrow scope (break it down into smaller PRs if not).
• This PR includes relevant before and after screenshots/videos highlighting these changes.
• I took the time to review my own PR.

Testing

• These changes have been tested and confirmed to work as intended on Android.
• These changes have been tested and confirmed to work as intended on iOS.
• These changes have been tested and confirmed to work as intended on small iOS screens.
• These changes have been tested and confirmed to work as intended on small Android screens.
• I have tried to break these changes while extensively testing them.
• This PR adds tests for the new functionality or fixes.

Release

• This is not a breaking change.
• This PR updates existing JSDocs when applicable.
• This PR adds JSDocs to new functionalities.
• I've checked with the product team if we should add metrics to these changes.
• I've shared relevant before and after screenshots/videos highlighting these changes with the design team and they've approved the changes.