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Linux File Permissions
Ethan W edited this page Sep 17, 2026
·
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| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| u | User / Owner |
| g | Group |
| o | Others |
| a | All |
| Command | Purpose |
|---|---|
| chown | Change Owner |
| chmod | Change Permissions (rwx): read, write, execute |
| chgrp | Change Group Ownership |
| setfacl | Give specific access (User or Group) |
| getfacl | Verify access (User or Group) |
sudo chown [username] [file]sudo chown :[groupname] [file]sudo chown [username]:[group] [file]Permission Number Chart
| Number | Permissions | Symbol |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | None | --- |
| 1 | Execute | --x |
| 2 | Write | -w- |
| 3 | Write + Execute | -wx |
| 4 | Read | r-- |
| 5 | Read + Execute | r-x |
| 6 | Read + Write | rw- |
| 7 | Read + Write + Execute | rwx |
chmod 640 [file]
│││
││└── Others
│└─── Group
└──── User / Owner
sudo chgrp [group] [file]setfacl -m u:[username]:--- [file]setfacl -m g:[group]:--- [file]| symbols | permissions |
|---|---|
| --- | none |
| r | Read |
| w | Write |
| x | Execute |
| rw | Read + Write |
| rx | Read + Execute |
| rwx | Read + Write + Execute |
setfacl -x u:[username] [file]setfacl -x g:[group] [file]getfacl [file]- Proxmox
- Windows
- Active Directory
- Linux
- Pfsense