LAB 5 (CIDR AND IP SUBNETTING WITH MXTOOLBOX)

CIDR

CIDR (Classless Inter‑Domain Routing) — is a modern way to represent and manage IP addresses and networks efficiently. CIDR is a flexible IP address allocation method that improves internet routing efficiency and IP address usage by replacing rigid class-based (A, B, C) systems. It uses a slash notation (10.0.0.10/8) to define the network prefix (n bits), allowing for precise subnetting, aggregation, and reduced routing table sizes.

Key Characteristics

Removes rigid classes (A, B, C)

→ Allows flexible subnetting and aggregation.

Uses prefix notation (/x)

→ /8, /16, /24, etc., show how many bits are for the network.

Improves IP address efficiency

→ Prevents waste of unused addresses.

Simplifies routing

→ Groups multiple networks into one route (route aggregation).

IP SUBNETTING

IP Subnetting is the process of dividing a large network into smaller, manageable subnetworks (subnets). It helps improve organization, security, and efficient IP address usage.

Why Subnetting is Needed

• Reduces network congestion

• Improves performance

• Enhances security by isolating groups

• Saves IP addresses

• Makes routing more efficient

A very popular Tool use for Subnetting the IPs its Name is Subnet Calculator and we can access it from Mxtoolbox website

https://mxtoolbox.com/SubnetCalculator.aspx

Subnet Calculator Tool Basically use for subnetting the ips.

How to Use

• Step 1. Write the IP Address into box

• Step 2. Select Perfix Range from Drop Down option.

• Step 3. click on Calculate

Here we Subnet the Private IP Address 10.0.0.0

Subnetting of Private IP Address 172.16.0.0

Subnetting of Private IP Address 192.168.0.0