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VPNs
There are a few VPN options to consider when connecting to peers. Part of the choice relies on whether or not a peer supports a particular protocol, but the other issue is which protocols I want to support. For a long time, OpenVPN was the standard for DN42, since it's relatively simple to configure (unlike IPsec, which is faster), but with the rise of Wireguard, that has become a de-facto standard. Tunneling protocols like GRE and SIT are in theory a simpler method, but they do not include any authentication features, and for that reason minimal use of these protocol is seen on the network.
A major part of testing was determining the best-performing VPN protocols, though another consideration is how easy-to-use those protocols are.
With no VPN, only a direct (para-virtualized) connection between two boxes, the maximum throughput is 25gbps.
Connecting to host 172.16.42.2, port 5201
[ 5] local 172.16.42.1 port 57730 connected to 172.16.42.2 port 5201
[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr Cwnd
[ 5] 0.00-1.00 sec 2.97 GBytes 25.5 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 1.00-2.00 sec 2.66 GBytes 22.9 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 2.00-3.00 sec 3.17 GBytes 27.2 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 3.00-4.00 sec 2.54 GBytes 21.9 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 4.00-5.00 sec 3.13 GBytes 26.9 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 5.00-6.00 sec 3.07 GBytes 26.4 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 6.00-7.00 sec 2.33 GBytes 20.0 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 7.00-8.00 sec 2.32 GBytes 19.9 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 8.00-9.00 sec 2.48 GBytes 21.3 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
[ 5] 9.00-10.00 sec 2.85 GBytes 24.4 Gbits/sec 0 3.08 MBytes
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[ ID] Interval Transfer Bitrate Retr
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 27.5 GBytes 23.6 Gbits/sec 0 sender
[ 5] 0.00-10.00 sec 27.5 GBytes 23.6 Gbits/sec receiver