core: implement bounded random sampling

[joboet]

Tracking issue: #130703

This PR implements the Distribution trait for RangeInclusive, allowing random sampling from within a range. I chose Lemire's algorithm, which is also used in FreeBSD's arc4random_uniform.

I've only implemented this for core::range::RangeInclusive to prevent typo-errors. Perhaps it makes sense though to extend the support to core::ops::RangeInclusive?

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