Chaining Conflicts

When alphabet chaining fails to work for some ciphertext, we say it has a chaining conflict. There are several reasons for this, but they are generally from incorrect assumptions about the cipher (if not from clerical error like a typo in the transcription of the cipher). If the underlying plaintext for what are assumed to be isomorphs are not actually the same, then alphabet chaining can fail. Like for example if there are typos in the plaintext that are not drastic enough to break the visible isomorphism. Overextending isomorphs can also cause conflicts. Another more recent result is that group-based ciphers with a non-commutative group will cause chaining conflicts directly, and these kinds of conflicts can even be seen in the backbones of the isomorphs. This seems to be the kind of chaining conflict we see in the eyes.