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Project Details
Project Vector
Tennis players, especially at the junior and recreational level, have no access to affordable, real-time feedback on their shot accuracy and reaction time during solo practice sessions, meaning weeks of training can go by with no objective measure of whether they are actually improving.
Project Vector is a wall-mounted smart target system made up of 12 interactive pads arranged in a grid, each embedded with a piezoelectric sensor that detects the impact of a tennis ball and a WS2812B LED ring that lights up to indicate the target. An Arduino Mega processes all sensor inputs in real time, randomly activating pads one at a time and tracking whether the player hits the correct target within the time window, giving instant audio-visual feedback through colour-coded LEDs and a buzzer. The entire system is built from low-cost, off-the-shelf electronics and laser-cut components, making it affordable and replicable, while the firmware supports multiple game modes so players can train for pure accuracy, speed, or a combination of both.
Project Vector started as a personal frustration — Vidyut trains tennis seriously and always felt that solo practice was essentially guesswork, hitting ball after ball with no real way to know if shot placement was getting better or just feeling better. That frustration turned into a question: could we build something that gives a player the kind of feedback a coach would give, but available any time, anywhere, without needing another person on the court?
The build itself happened at Makers Asylum Goa, where the team had five days to go from a concept and a box of components to a working wall-mounted system. A lot went wrong along the way — sensors that needed recalibrating, wiring that had to be redone, foam layers that didn't sit right — and honestly that process of breaking things and fixing them taught the team more than any project before it.
Looking ahead, the immediate goal is to add a small display that shows live session stats so a player can walk away knowing their accuracy percentage and average reaction time. Further down the line, the team wants to explore connecting the system to a simple app over WiFi using the ESP32, so players can track their improvement over weeks and months rather than just within a single session. The longer term dream is to make a version of this cheap enough and simple enough to install in school sports programmes across India, where access to quality sports coaching is limited but the desire to improve is very much there.
A wall-mounted smart tennis training system that lights up target pads, detects your hits in real time, and scores your accuracy and speed.
BOM Document Link: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/14y7WRgPcV0SyilFmuPOUdjsSec79GAMkDs_Z27iOR44/edit?usp=sharing
| Year | 2026 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cohort | 3 | ||||
| Team No | 13 | ||||
| Team Name | |||||
| Project Name | |||||
| Team Members | Vidyut Sundar | Anjali Randery | Shruti Swamy | SAANVI SINGH | |
| Email IDs | Vidyut.sundar@gmail.com | nidhivatsal@gmail.com | shrutiswamy09@gmail.com | saanvisinghddn2005@gmail.com | |
| Team Mentor | |||||
| Notes |
- Download this template(File>Download>xlsx) and fill the sheet in the below given format. Share the editable link in the Airtable form
- Explain your project in brief
- This sheet will be considered as Bill of material for your project. So mention every item required for the project even if you already have few of the components
- For all the components that you are ordering online provide the reference link of the online store from where you are planning to place the order. Prefer ordering the components from stores like robu, hubtronics, roboticsdna etc. A more comprehensive VENDOR LIST is at : MAKERVILLE
- For the components that you are planning to purchase from your local store provide the reference link of image or video
- DO NOT RELY ON GETTING ANYTHING FROM THE LOCAL STORE HERE IN GOA. YOU WON'T HAVE THE TIME, MEANS OR AVAILABILITY TO GET THE COMPONENTS FROM THE LOCAL STORE | Project Brief: | | | | | | Sr no | Product name | Qty | Type | Purpose | Reference link | 1. ESP32 Development Board | 2 units (1 main + 1 spare) | | Controls sensor reading, LED activation, and scoring logic for the system | | | | | | | 2. Piezoelectric Sensors (27 mm discs) | 25 units (20 required + 5 spare) | | Detects ball impact on each pad for hit registration | | | | | | | 3. 1MΩ Resistors (for piezo stabilization) | 30 units | | Ensures accurate and stable sensor signal readings | | | | | | | 4. WS2812B RGB LED Rings (12 LED per ring) | 22 units (20 required + 2 spare) | | Lights up target pads and indicates correct/incorrect hits | | | | | | | 5. 5V Active Buzzers | 2 units (1 main + 1 spare) | | Provides instant audio feedback for player response | | | | | | | 6. 5V 10A Power Supply (regulated) | 1 unit | | Powers all LEDs, sensors, and controller reliably | | | | | | | 7. DC Barrel Jack Connector | 2 units | | Connects the external power supply to the system | | | | | | | 8. Rocker Switch (ON/OFF) | 2 units | | Allows safe switching of the entire system | | | | | | | 9. Hookup Wire (22 AWG, mixed colors) | 15 meters total | | Connects sensors, LEDs, and components across the board | | | | | | | 10. Jumper Wires (male-female, male-male) | 1 assorted pack (~40–50 wires) | | Used for quick setup and testing during development | | | | | | | 11. Perfboard / General Purpose PCB | 2 boards | | Holds and secures the final circuit connections | | | | | | | 12. Breadboard (for prototyping) | 1 unit | | Used to test circuits before permanent assembly | | | | | | | 13. Terminal Blocks / Screw Connectors | 20 units | | Organizes multiple sensor and power connections neatly | | | | | | | 14. Heat Shrink Tubing | 1 assorted pack | | Prevents short circuits in wiring connections | | | | | | | 15. 330Ω Resistors (for LED data line protection) | 25 units | | Protects LED data signal from damage during transmission | | | | | | | 16. 100µF Capacitors (for LED power stabilization) | 10 units | | Maintains stable power during rapid LED switching | | | | | | | 17. CD74HC4067 Multiplexer (16-channel) | 2 units (to handle multiple sensor inputs) | | Enables reading of 20 sensor inputs using limited pins | | | | | | | 18. EVA Foam Sheets (approx. 10 mm thickness) | 15 sheets | | Absorbs ball impact and transfers force to sensors | | | | | | | 19. Acrylic Sheets (200 mm × 200 mm per pad) | 22 pieces (20 + 2 spare) | | Forms the visible target surface and spreads LED light | | | | | | | 20. Plywood Board (base mounting panel, approx. 1200 mm × 1000 mm, 10–12 mm thick) | 1 unit | | Supports and holds the entire pad system structure | | | | | | | 21. MDF Back Panel (for internal mounting) | 1 unit | | Mounts and organizes all internal electronics | | | | | | | 22. Mounting Plates / Thin Wooden Boards (per pad backing) | 22 pieces | | Keeps each pad properly fixed and aligned | | | | | | | 23. Screws (wood screws, small and medium sizes) | 1 assorted box (~100 pieces) | | Secures all structural components firmly | | | | | | | 24. Double-Sided Tape (heavy duty) | 2 rolls | | Fixes lightweight parts like sensors and wires in place | | | | | | | 25. Hot Glue Sticks | 20 sticks | | Holds components and prevents wire movement | | | | | | | 26. Zip Ties (cable management) | 1 pack (~50 ties) | | Keeps wiring clean and prevents tangling | | | | | | | 27. 7-Segment Display Module or OLED Display | 1 unit | | Displays score and timing to the player | | | | | | | 28. Push Buttons (Start / Reset / Mode) | 3 units | | Allows player to start, reset, and control the system | | | | | | | | 1 unit | | Used to test and debug circuit connections | | | | | | | 30. Arduino Mega | | | | | | | | | | Transporting Data from Arduino Mega to ESP 32 | | | | | Test board for all components | | | | | Frame (appropriate sizing to be done) | | | |
Notes
- Download this template(File>Download>xlsx) and fill the sheet in the below given format. Share the editable link in the Airtable form
- Explain your project in brief
- This sheet will be considered as Bill of material for your project. So mention every item required for the project even if you already have few of the components "* For all the components that you are ordering online provide the reference link of the online store from where you are planning to place the order. Prefer ordering the components from stores like robu, hubtronics, roboticsdna etc. A more comprehensive VENDOR LIST is at : MAKERVILLE"
- For the components that you are planning to purchase from your local store provide the reference link of image or video
- DO NOT RELY ON GETTING ANYTHING FROM THE LOCAL STORE HERE IN GOA. YOU WON'T HAVE THE TIME, MEANS OR AVAILABILITY TO GET THE COMPONENTS FROM THE LOCAL STORE
Project Brief:
Sr no Product name Qty Type Purpose Reference link 1. ESP32 Development Board 2 units (1 main + 1 spare) Controls sensor reading, LED activation, and scoring logic for the system
2. Piezoelectric Sensors (27 mm discs) 25 units (20 required + 5 spare) Detects ball impact on each pad for hit registration
3. 1MΩ Resistors (for piezo stabilization) 30 units Ensures accurate and stable sensor signal readings
4. WS2812B RGB LED Rings (12 LED per ring) 22 units (20 required + 2 spare) Lights up target pads and indicates correct/incorrect hits
5. 5V Active Buzzers 2 units (1 main + 1 spare) Provides instant audio feedback for player response
6. 5V 10A Power Supply (regulated) 1 unit Powers all LEDs, sensors, and controller reliably
7. DC Barrel Jack Connector 2 units Connects the external power supply to the system
8. Rocker Switch (ON/OFF) 2 units Allows safe switching of the entire system
9. Hookup Wire (22 AWG, mixed colors) 15 meters total Connects sensors, LEDs, and components across the board
10. Jumper Wires (male-female, male-male) 1 assorted pack (~40–50 wires) Used for quick setup and testing during development
11. Perfboard / General Purpose PCB 2 boards Holds and secures the final circuit connections
12. Breadboard (for prototyping) 1 unit Used to test circuits before permanent assembly
13. Terminal Blocks / Screw Connectors 20 units Organizes multiple sensor and power connections neatly
14. Heat Shrink Tubing 1 assorted pack Prevents short circuits in wiring connections
15. 330Ω Resistors (for LED data line protection) 25 units Protects LED data signal from damage during transmission
16. 100µF Capacitors (for LED power stabilization) 10 units Maintains stable power during rapid LED switching
17. CD74HC4067 Multiplexer (16-channel) 2 units (to handle multiple sensor inputs) Enables reading of 20 sensor inputs using limited pins
18. EVA Foam Sheets (approx. 10 mm thickness) 15 sheets Absorbs ball impact and transfers force to sensors
19. Acrylic Sheets (200 mm × 200 mm per pad) 22 pieces (20 + 2 spare) Forms the visible target surface and spreads LED light
20. Plywood Board (base mounting panel, approx. 1200 mm × 1000 mm, 10–12 mm thick) 1 unit Supports and holds the entire pad system structure
21. MDF Back Panel (for internal mounting) 1 unit Mounts and organizes all internal electronics
22. Mounting Plates / Thin Wooden Boards (per pad backing) 22 pieces Keeps each pad properly fixed and aligned
23. Screws (wood screws, small and medium sizes) 1 assorted box (~100 pieces) Secures all structural components firmly
24. Double-Sided Tape (heavy duty) 2 rolls Fixes lightweight parts like sensors and wires in place
25. Hot Glue Sticks 20 sticks Holds components and prevents wire movement
26. Zip Ties (cable management) 1 pack (~50 ties) Keeps wiring clean and prevents tangling
27. 7-Segment Display Module or OLED Display 1 unit Displays score and timing to the player
28. Push Buttons (Start / Reset / Mode) 3 units Allows player to start, reset, and control the system
1 unit Used to test and debug circuit connections
30. Arduino Mega
Transporting Data from Arduino Mega to ESP 32
Test board for all components
Frame (appropriate sizing to be done)