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invisible_playwright and DrissionPage solve two different problems. DrissionPage fuses a fast HTTP session mode with a CDP-driven Chromium browser mode in one object; invisible_playwright is a single patched-Firefox engine driven by stock Playwright. Against a strict detection check the difference decides the outcome: DrissionPage's two modes each fail a different half of the check, while one real-browser engine presents a single consistent identity all the way down. Pick DrissionPage for speed where nobody inspects the connection, invisible_playwright when the connection and the fingerprint are read together.
DrissionPage is a well-liked Python automation library, around 12.3k stars and actively
maintained (its repository was last pushed on 2026-07-22 as of this writing). Its
signature idea is genuinely clever and worth understanding on its own terms: a single
object that can act as an HTTP client one moment and drive a real Chromium browser the
next, carrying cookies and state across the switch. Its own documentation calls these the
session mode and the browser mode, unified through a page object that speaks both.
That fusion is the feature people come for, and it is also the reason a strict detection check tends to catch it. The two modes do not share an identity. Each half of the design is exposed to a different half of the check, and passing one does nothing for the other.
This page is what the two modes actually are, where each is seen, why the dual design splits the failure in two rather than covering both, and what a single-engine approach does instead. It is not a put-down: DrissionPage is a solid tool for the job it was built for, and that job is not the same as looking like a real browser end to end.
Most automation tools pick a lane. A library is either an HTTP client that never opens a browser, or a browser driver that never sends a raw request. DrissionPage refuses the choice. You can scrape a listing page over plain HTTP for speed, then, on the same object with the same cookies, switch into a controlled Chromium instance to click through a step that needs JavaScript.
For throughput that is a real advantage. The HTTP path is fast and cheap, and you only pay for a full browser on the pages that require one. If your target does not look closely at who is connecting, this is an efficient design and there is little reason to argue with it.
The trouble starts when the target does look closely, because "who is connecting" now has two different answers depending on which mode is live, and neither answer is a real browser.
In browser mode, DrissionPage controls Chromium by speaking the Chrome DevTools Protocol directly. This is the same transport that most modern Chromium automation uses, and it carries the same ceiling. The identity you present is a CDP-driven Chromium build, and a detector that fingerprints the engine is reading exactly that.
Two structural facts sit underneath this, both of which have their own pages here:
- The thing you are driving is Chromium, not Chrome, and the difference is visible in the fingerprint before any automation is added: codec support, the internal build strings, and a handful of surfaces that a real consumer Chrome carries and the open-source build does not.
- Driving over CDP is the same architectural position as any other CDP tool, and property-level patching from inside the page cannot repair what the engine reports about itself from outside it.
None of this is a criticism specific to DrissionPage. It is where every CDP-over-Chromium tool lands, and the honest framing is that browser mode inherits the Chromium engine's detectability rather than solving it.
Session mode is the more interesting failure, because it fails earlier and more quietly.
When DrissionPage drops to its HTTP session mode, there is no browser in the loop at all. The request is made by a Python HTTP stack, and a Python HTTP stack has its own TLS fingerprint. That handshake does not match Chrome's, it does not match Firefox's, and it does not match any browser's, because no browser produced it.
This matters because the TLS handshake happens before your code sends a single header. A server can compare the fingerprint of the connection against the browser your user agent claims to be, notice they disagree, and reject the request before your carefully set headers, cookies, or user agent are ever read. That is why a plain Python HTTP client gets blocked before it sends a header, and session mode is a plain Python HTTP client wearing a browser's clothes at the header layer only.
You cannot patch this from the header layer, because the mismatch lives one layer below the headers. The connection has already announced what it is. See JA3 and JA4 TLS fingerprinting for what that announcement actually contains and why in-page tricks never reach it.
A modern detection stack does not look at one surface: it reads the TLS handshake, reads the in-page fingerprint, then checks whether the two tell the same story. That is what turns DrissionPage's signature feature into a signature liability against a strict check - the dual mode hands it two different stories to catch instead of one:
- In browser mode, the handshake is Chromium's and the fingerprint is CDP-driven Chromium's. Consistent with each other, and both saying "automated Chromium engine."
- In session mode, there is no in-page fingerprint at all, and the handshake is a Python client's. A user agent claiming a browser, on a connection that no browser makes.
Neither mode is a real browser presenting a consistent story all the way down. The switch that makes the tool fast is exactly the switch that hands a detector a second, differently shaped tell. You do not get to pass the browser check with the browser mode and the speed check with the session mode, because whichever mode is live is the one being measured, and each one fails a different half of the same check.
This is not a bug in DrissionPage. It is the direct consequence of building one object out of two identities that were never the same identity.
invisible_playwright makes the opposite trade on purpose. There is one identity, one engine, and it is a real browser all the way down.
The engine is Firefox, patched at the C++ level so that what it reports about itself
matches what it actually is. There is no session mode to drop into, because the whole
point is that every request comes from a genuine browser handshake with a matching
in-page fingerprint. You drive it with stock Playwright, and the object you get back is a
real Playwright Browser with
every standard method:
from invisible_playwright import InvisiblePlaywright
with InvisiblePlaywright(seed=42) as browser:
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://example.com")
page.click("#submit") # real browser handshake, matching in-page fingerprintThe seed fixes the identity. The same seed produces the same GPU, canvas hash, audio
context, fonts and screen every run, which is what lets you replay a failing session
instead of guessing at it:
sf = InvisiblePlaywright()
with sf as browser:
print("seed =", sf.seed) # log it to reproduce this exact identity later
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://example.com")Async is the same shape, for the concurrency DrissionPage's session mode is usually reached for:
from invisible_playwright.async_api import InvisiblePlaywright
async with InvisiblePlaywright(seed=42) as browser:
page = await browser.new_page()
await page.goto("https://example.com")You lose the raw-HTTP speed path. That is a real cost, and if your workload is high-volume scraping of pages that never inspect the connection, DrissionPage's session mode is faster and you should use it. If you want both, you can pair invisible_playwright with a raw HTTP client for the fast paths and keep the browser only for the pages that read the connection. What you gain is that there is only ever one story to tell, and it is a true one.
The honest caveat, the same one this whole site repeats: a consistent real browser is not a magic pass. The IP still matters, behaviour still matters, and a datacenter address on a perfect fingerprint is still a datacenter address. A single engine removes the split- identity problem; it does not remove the network and behaviour surfaces that no browser property controls.
DrissionPage's dual mode is a smart answer to a throughput problem and a poor answer to a detection problem, and those are different problems. When the target does not scrutinise the connection, the fused session-plus-browser design is efficient and pleasant to use. When the target does scrutinise it, the fusion becomes the weakness: browser mode carries the CDP-Chromium ceiling, session mode carries a non-browser handshake, and a check that reads both catches whichever one is facing it.
If your job is "look like a real browser end to end," the trade that helps is the opposite one: fewer identities, not more. One real engine, driven by the Playwright API you already know.
Is DrissionPage detectable? Its browser mode presents as CDP-driven Chromium, which a detector fingerprints as an automated engine, and its session mode makes requests with a Python TLS handshake that is not any browser's. Each is caught by a different part of a strict check.
What is the point of DrissionPage's session mode then? Speed. It scrapes over plain HTTP without paying for a browser, which is a real advantage on pages that do not inspect the connection. It stops being an advantage the moment the connection is inspected.
Can I just set a browser user agent on session mode? No. The user agent is a header, and the mismatch is in the TLS handshake, which is sent before any header. The connection has already announced it is not a browser.
Does invisible_playwright have a fast HTTP-only mode? No, on purpose. It is one real browser engine so there is a single consistent identity. That costs you the raw-HTTP speed path and buys you an end-to-end true story.
Is DrissionPage abandoned? No. Its repository was actively maintained as of its last push on 2026-07-22 with a large user base. This is an architecture comparison, not a maintenance one.
Which should I pick? DrissionPage for high-volume scraping where the target does not look closely and speed dominates. invisible_playwright when you need one browser identity to hold up under a check that reads the handshake and the fingerprint together.
- DrissionPage's own repository and documentation, read from source, for the session and browser mode design, the CDP-based browser control, and the maintenance dates cited above.
- This project's own comparison and network notes, linked throughout, for the CDP-Chromium ceiling and the TLS-handshake behaviour that no in-page layer can reach.
See also: why Chromium is not Chrome for the browser-mode ceiling, and the checklist for being detected on one site for working a real block in the right order.
Written while maintaining invisible_playwright, a Firefox patched at the C++ level driven by stock Playwright. The dual-mode split is not a knock on DrissionPage; it is what happens when one object carries two identities.
Documentation
Guides
-
Browser Identity
- navigator.webdriver is not the tell you think it is
- hardwareConcurrency, deviceMemory and storage quota
- Screen size and viewport tells in headless browsers
- Playwright headless vs headed: what detectors see
- Playwright User Agent: Why You Should Not Set It
- Client Hints and Sec-Fetch: headers that must agree
- Codec fingerprinting: canPlayType and MediaCapabilities
- Permissions API: the two answers that must agree
- CSS fingerprinting: what media queries reveal
- What privacy.resistFingerprinting actually does
- speechSynthesis.getVoices() returns an empty array
- Browser extensions are a fingerprint surface
- BFCache and pageshow.persisted under browser automation
- Service workers, storage partitioning and automation
- Web Workers: where page-level fingerprint patches fail
- fake-useragent is archived: what changes and what doesn't
- navigator.buildID and the stale build date tell
- navigator.maxTouchPoints and pointer consistency
- navigator.platform and oscpu on a spoofed OS
- navigator.vendor and productSub: the Firefox tells
- Accept-Language header vs navigator.languages
- window.devicePixelRatio: the pref that spoofs it
- Can you be fingerprinted in incognito mode?
- Is changing the user agent enough to avoid detection?
- Can a website tell you are running on a server?
- Can two devices share a browser fingerprint?
- Does clearing cookies stop fingerprint tracking?
- Color-gamut and HDR media queries as a fingerprint
- Battery API fingerprint: does Firefox expose it?
- Is navigator.connection a fingerprint in Firefox?
- Can the Gamepad API fingerprint or detect a bot?
- Do accelerometer and gyroscope APIs leak on desktop?
- prefers-reduced-motion and other OS-setting tells
- Does storage quota estimate reveal disk size?
- Can scrollbar width reveal my operating system?
-
Canvas, WebGL, Fonts and Audio
- Canvas fingerprint noise: why per-call randomising fails
- Firefox WebGL renderer strings: what ANGLE reports
- WebGL parameters: the numbers are the same on every GPU
- Your renderer string says NVIDIA. Your pixels say software.
- Why headless browsers render different fonts
- How to make Linux and macOS report real Windows fonts
- measureText and TextMetrics as a fingerprinting surface
- AudioContext fingerprinting, and why adding noise backfired
- Canvas and WebGL fingerprints, identical across OSes
- Emoji fingerprinting: why emoji look the same on any OS
- Detecting installed fonts in JavaScript by width
- WebGL shader precision as a fingerprint surface
- AudioContext sampleRate and latency as a fingerprint
- Is WebGPU a browser fingerprint?
-
Network, Proxy and WebRTC
- WebRTC leak with a proxy in Playwright and Selenium
- WebRTC ICE candidate spoofing: the fields that give it away
- Playwright proxy in Python: per-context, and what leaks
- Playwright proxy not working? SOCKS5 auth in Python
- Playwright timezone does not match the proxy IP
- JA3 and JA4: why a TLS fingerprint cannot be patched
- Playwright in Docker: it runs, and still gets blocked
- Web scraping keeps getting blocked with good proxies
- Python web scraping blocked? The TLS fingerprint reason
- SOCKS5 vs HTTP proxy: what each does in the browser
- WebRTC IPv6 leak: why a proxy does not stop it
- HTTP/2 fingerprint: the layer above the TLS handshake
- TLS fingerprint vs User-Agent: the contradiction
- WebRTC has no ICE candidates behind a proxy
- WebRTC IP that matches the proxy exit, by design
- How to check if a proxy leaks your real IP
- about:webrtc: read your real ICE candidates
- Offline timezone resolution from a proxy exit IP
- Residential vs datacenter vs mobile proxies explained
- Sticky vs rotating proxy sessions: which to use
- Does a proxy leak DNS? DoH and DNS leaks explained
- HTTP/3 and QUIC fingerprint: what a site sees
- What is ASN and IP reputation in bot detection?
- What does a mobile carrier IP look like to a site?
- IPv6 vs IPv4: which does your proxy expose?
- Geolocation API vs IP location: keep them consistent
- Does chaining two proxies help avoid detection?
-
The Automation Layer
- Function.prototype.toString and the [native code] check
- The ChromeDriver
cdc_variable, and why renaming it fails - Why an attached debugger makes automation detectable
- Execution context was destroyed, and when it means detection
- Human-like mouse movement: Bezier curves are the easy part
- Why a Playwright upgrade broke 97 of 133 tests overnight
- Playwright persistent profile: what it fixes and breaks
- Why humanized mouse movement can fail on hover()
- Why content_frame() returns None for a cross-origin iframe
- Orphaned Firefox processes on Windows: the killed-runner leak
- Firefox launches but Playwright can't drive it: packaging gap
- Why automating login is riskier than reusing a session
- Playwright new_page vs new_context: the viewport tell
- Playwright dialog and popup handling without a tell
- Playwright download files with Firefox and the tell
- Playwright connect_over_cdp does not work with Firefox
- Playwright mobile emulation on Firefox and isMobile
- Playwright isTrusted: are automated clicks real?
- Playwright set_input_files uploads and the tell
- Can websites detect Playwright? What is actually visible
- Does Playwright Set navigator.webdriver to True?
- Does Playwright Leave Traces a Website Can See?
- Does Playwright Change My Browser Fingerprint?
- Can I Use My Real Browser Profile With Playwright?
- Does Playwright Support Firefox Stealth?
- Is Playwright Firefox Harder to Detect Than Chromium?
- Does Playwright Get Detected on the First Request?
- Why Playwright's bundled Firefox is easy to detect
- ghost-cursor human mouse paths with Playwright
- Stock Playwright, patched Firefox: how they connect
- Intercept and mock network requests with page.route
- Record and replay HTTP traffic with HAR in Playwright
- Record a Playwright trace to debug a failed scrape
- Record a video of a Playwright browser session
- Save and reuse login with storage_state in Playwright
- Read and set cookies in a Playwright context
- Set geolocation and permissions per Playwright context
- Handle HTTP basic auth in Playwright (http_credentials)
- Isolate identities with a browser context per session
- Drag and drop elements in Playwright with drag_to
- When to use an HTTP client vs a real browser
- Migrating from requests + BeautifulSoup to a browser
-
AI Agents and Frameworks
- AI browser agents and stealth: what fits and what does not
- browser-use gets detected: what you can and cannot change
- crawl4ai stealth mode and custom browser engines
- Give a LangChain agent an invisible_playwright browser
- Feed invisible_playwright pages into a RAG index
- Computer-use agents and browser fingerprint detection
- Give an MCP browser server a stealth Firefox engine
- Give each AI agent a reproducible browser identity
- Run parallel browser agents with distinct fingerprints
- Why AI browser agents have their own timing signal
- Running an AI browser agent headless on a server
- Give a browser agent a persistent logged-in session
- smolagents: hand the agent an invisible_playwright tool
- Stagehand and stealth: why a Firefox engine won't drop in
- DOM-reading vs screenshot agents: which stealth helps
- Back a computer-use agent with a real browser engine
- AI agent retry loops trip rate limits, not fingerprints
-
Detectors, Explained
- What bot.sannysoft.com actually checks, row by row
- How CreepJS decides you are lying
- What BotD actually detects, and what it does not
- Why a FingerprintJS visitor ID changes
- reCAPTCHA v3 score: why a fresh browser scores badly
- BrowserLeaks canvas and WebGL hash, explained
- What BrowserLeaks actually tests, surface by surface
- Browser trust scores explained: what the number means
- How do websites detect bots?
- What is a browser fingerprint?
- What data does a website collect about your browser?
- Does a VPN stop browser fingerprinting?
- Do websites know you are using a script?
- How accurate is browser fingerprinting?
- Can a website detect a virtual machine?
- Can websites detect a datacenter or proxy IP?
- getClientRects fingerprinting: subpixel geometry as ID
- Notification.permission as a bot-detection signal
- speechSynthesis voices as a cross-platform fingerprint
- Can a website detect typing by keystroke timing?
- Can a website detect Clipboard API access?
- What are mouse-dynamics behavioural biometrics?
-
Testing and Troubleshooting
- How to test bot detection without a false pass
- Playwright detected as a bot: the checklist to fix it
- Firefox preferences that silently do nothing
- Slow browser launch: a per-request timeout is not a budget
- Playwright screenshot returns noise: readback fix
- Canvas fingerprint changes every run: use a seed
- Playwright TargetClosedError: the causes and the fixes
- Why am I blocked with a clean fingerprint?
- Why Does My Playwright Script Get Blocked?
- Is Playwright headless detectable? What sites check
- Can You Run Playwright Without Being Detected?
- Why Playwright Works Locally but Fails in the Cloud
- Does Playwright Trigger reCAPTCHA More Often?
-
Scraping with Playwright
- How to scrape without getting blocked
- How to scrape a site that blocks headless browsers
- How to scrape infinite scroll pages with Playwright
- How to rotate proxies when scraping with Playwright
- How to scrape data behind a login with Playwright
- How to run Playwright in Docker without getting detected
- How to use invisible_playwright in Docker
- Playwright bot detection: how to avoid it in Python
- How to scrape paginated pages with Playwright
- How to download files with Playwright
- How to upload files with Playwright, and verify it landed
- How to handle cookie consent banners in Playwright
- How to handle popups and modals in Playwright
- How to take full-page screenshots with Playwright
- How to generate a PDF with Playwright and Firefox
- How to wait for content to load in Playwright
- How to retry failed requests when scraping Playwright
- How to scrape pages in parallel with Playwright
- How to rate limit your own Playwright scraper
- How to scrape HTML tables with Playwright
- How to scrape iframe content with Playwright
- How to scrape shadow DOM content with Playwright
- How to capture XHR and API responses in Playwright
- How to scrape geotargeted content with Playwright
- How to scrape real estate listings with Playwright
- How to scrape job postings with Playwright
- How to scrape e-commerce product pages with Playwright
- How to track product prices with Playwright
- How to scrape hotel room prices with Playwright
- How to scrape flight prices with Playwright
- How to scrape classifieds listings with Playwright
- How to scrape vacation rental listings with Playwright
- How to scrape car listings with Playwright
- How to scrape apartment rentals with Playwright
- How to track product stock and restocks with Playwright
- How to scrape location-based store prices with Playwright
- How to scrape flexible-date fare calendars with Playwright
- How to scrape product reviews with Playwright
- How to scrape reviews and ratings with Playwright
- How to scrape news article text with Playwright
- How to scrape business directory listings with Playwright
- How to scrape event and ticket listings with Playwright
- How to scrape restaurant menu data with Playwright
- How to scrape stock and financial data with Playwright
- How to scrape social media profiles with Playwright
- How to scrape forum and community threads with Playwright
- How to scrape image galleries with Playwright
- How to scrape video listings and metadata with Playwright
- How to scrape map-based local results with Playwright
- How to scrape sports scores and stats with Playwright
- How to scrape cryptocurrency prices with Playwright
- How to scrape deals and coupon codes with Playwright
- How to scrape to CSV with Playwright
- How to scrape to JSON Lines with Playwright
- How to scrape into a SQLite database with Playwright
- How to export scraped data to Excel with Playwright
- How to extract JSON-LD structured data with Playwright
- How to extract Open Graph and meta tags with Playwright
- How to extract links and build a crawl frontier in Playwright
- How to scrape RSS and Atom feeds with Playwright
- How to download images in bulk with Playwright
- How to extract clean article text with Playwright
- How to scrape a sitemap.xml with Playwright
- How to scrape into a pandas DataFrame with Playwright
- How to clean scraped prices and dates with Playwright
- Scrape search results by driving a form in Playwright
- Scrape a map-based search with Playwright
- Scrape autocomplete and typeahead inputs with Playwright
- Scrape date-picker calendars with Playwright
- Crawl list pages to detail pages with Playwright
- Scrape lazy-loaded images with Playwright
- Extract data from canvas charts with Playwright
- Scrape a multi-step wizard flow with Playwright
- How to resume an interrupted scrape with Playwright
- Incremental scraping: only new items since last run
- Handle 403 and 429 backoff mid-scrape in Playwright
- Scrape load-more button pages with Playwright
- Scrape nested pagination with Playwright
- Scrape an SPA that changes URL via history API
- Use BeautifulSoup with invisible_playwright
- Run stealth Playwright tests with pytest fixtures
- Run invisible_playwright concurrently with asyncio
- Run invisible_playwright in GitHub Actions CI
- Can you run invisible_playwright serverless?
- Run invisible_playwright in Celery task workers
- Schedule invisible_playwright scrapes with cron
- Run invisible_playwright headful on a server with Xvfb
- Use invisible_playwright in an Airflow DAG
- Combine invisible_playwright with httpx for speed
- Wrap invisible_playwright in a FastAPI service
- Run invisible_playwright in a Jupyter notebook
- Block images to speed up scraping (and when not to)
- Wait for a specific API response in Playwright
Comparisons
- Playwright stealth in Python: three levels that work
- Firefox or Chromium for anti-detect automation
- Chromium is not Chrome, and detectors know the difference
- Playwright stealth vs Camoufox: two patched Firefoxes
- Playwright stealth vs Patchright: driver vs engine
- Playwright stealth vs undetected-chromedriver and nodriver
- playwright-stealth vs a patched engine: page vs browser
- puppeteer-extra-plugin-stealth: unmaintained since 2024
- selenium-stealth hasn't been updated since December 2021
- pyppeteer's own maintainer says to switch to Playwright
- invisible_playwright vs rebrowser-patches: the same CDP fix
- invisible_playwright vs fingerprint-suite: injection vs engine
- invisible_playwright vs playwright-with-fingerprints
- invisible_playwright vs Scrapling
- invisible_playwright vs Ulixee Hero
- invisible_playwright vs SeleniumBase UC Mode
- Splash is unmaintained, and it was never a real browser
- invisible_playwright vs DrissionPage
- WebDriver BiDi vs CDP: does the new protocol hide you
- invisible_playwright vs hrequests
- zendriver vs invisible_playwright: Chrome CDP vs Firefox
- botasaurus vs invisible_playwright: framework vs library
- curl_cffi vs invisible_playwright: TLS client vs browser
- pydoll vs invisible_playwright: CDP without a driver
- selenium-driverless vs invisible_playwright stealth
- puppeteer-real-browser vs invisible_playwright
- Migrating from Selenium to Playwright for stealth
- Migrating from Puppeteer to Playwright for stealth
- undetected-chromedriver vs a patched Firefox browser
- scrapy-playwright vs a patched Firefox for stealth
- playwright-extra stealth plugins vs a patched browser
- tls-client vs a real browser: when TLS is enough
- Anti-detect browser or Playwright stealth: which you need
- undetected-playwright vs a patched Firefox binary
Integrations
- Using invisible_playwright with CodeceptJS
- Using invisible_playwright with Crawlee for Python
- Using invisible_playwright with Crawlee for JavaScript
- Using invisible_playwright with scrapy-playwright
- Using invisible_playwright with Robot Framework Browser
- Cypress, WebdriverIO, TestCafe and Nightwatch integration
- Using invisible_playwright with Microsoft's Playwright MCP
- Using the engine from Go, Java, C#, Ruby and Rust
docs/ source folder