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vs zendriver
These two tools solve overlapping problems from opposite ends, so "which is better" is the wrong question. One removes the signals that announce automation. The other builds a browser that reads as a genuine machine at every surface. Those are different layers, and a session gets blocked at whichever one is weakest.
This page is what each tool actually does, the architectural difference that matters, a runnable example, and the honest list of what neither one touches.
zendriver is an actively maintained async fork of nodriver. It drives a real Chrome or Chromium instance directly over the Chrome DevTools Protocol (CDP), with no chromedriver binary and no WebDriver layer in between. Its own documentation describes it as a successor line to nodriver with a fully async API and blocking-free operation.
The thing it does well follows from that architecture. Because there is no
chromedriver and no WebDriver protocol, the classic automation tells are gone:
navigator.webdriver
reads as a normal browser rather than true, and the
Selenium-era globals a driver used to inject are not there. That is a real and
useful property, and it is most of what "undetected" meant for the
Chrome-CDP lineage.
Note the shape of what that fixes: it is the driver layer. It says nothing about whether the browser's canvas, WebGL, audio and TLS surfaces agree with each other, because CDP-driven Chrome is still an ordinary Chrome reporting whatever the host machine actually has.
invisible_playwright drives a real Firefox that is patched at the C++ level, and
you drive it with stock Playwright - every standard page method, sync or
async, unchanged. The difference is not a page-level script that overrides
properties after load. It is a browser whose fingerprint surfaces are generated
together from a single seed, so canvas, WebGL, audio, the navigator fields,
the fonts and the screen are consistent with each other rather than each
patched in isolation.
That cross-surface consistency is the point. A detector's strongest move is not "is this value unusual" but "do two values that must agree, agree". A canvas hash that implies one GPU while the WebGL renderer string names another is a contradiction no single-surface patch avoids. Because these surfaces are drawn from the same seed, they tell one story, which is why a seeded invisible_playwright session passes most fingerprint-consistency checks - the kind CreepJS runs when it walks descriptors and compares surfaces.
Being real Firefox rather than patched-Chrome also means the driver layer is
clean for free: navigator.webdriver reads as a genuine browser's
value, and the TLS handshake is Firefox's own
handshake rather than an impersonation of it.
zendriver removes the tells that a browser is driven. invisible_playwright ships a browser that reads as a real machine at every surface and cross-checks those surfaces against each other.
If the thing blocking you is a driver artifact, zendriver's approach is enough. If it is a fingerprint that is internally contradictory - a plausible screen next to an implausible GPU, an audio stack that does not match the platform the user agent claims - then removing webdriver tells does not touch it, and a seed-consistent Firefox is the layer that does.
Switching from stock Playwright is a two-line change, and the object you get
back is a real Playwright Browser, so every method works as documented
upstream.
from invisible_playwright import InvisiblePlaywright
# seed=42 -> the same GPU, canvas hash, audio context and fonts every run
with InvisiblePlaywright(seed=42) as browser:
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://example.com")
page.click("#submit") # mouse arcs to the button on a Bezier curve
print(page.title())Async is the same shape:
from invisible_playwright.async_api import InvisiblePlaywright
async with InvisiblePlaywright(seed=42) as browser:
page = await browser.new_page()
await page.goto("https://example.com")
print(await page.title())Pass a proxy through the same constructor, and the browser timezone is auto-derived from the egress IP so the two do not tell different stories:
proxy = {"server": "socks5://gate.example.com:1080", "username": "u", "password": "p"}
with InvisiblePlaywright(seed=42, proxy=proxy) as browser:
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://example.com")The seed is the debugging property that matters: the same seed reproduces the same machine, so a failing run can be replayed exactly instead of hoping the next random draw brings it back.
Neither tool touches IP reputation, per-account quotas and rate limits, or the pacing of human behaviour - a clean driver layer and a consistent fingerprint are the browser's contribution, not the whole session. Skipping this list is how people ship a "stealth" setup that still gets blocked on day one.
- IP reputation. A perfect browser on a known datacenter or already-listed address still loses. Neither tool changes your exit. You supply a clean proxy; the fingerprint cannot rescue a bad IP.
- Per-account quotas and rate limits. These are counted server-side against the account and the address, and no browser property resets a counter.
- Behaviour and timing. Pointer motion, typing rhythm, the pace of a form, the pause shaped like a script. invisible_playwright ships Bezier-curve mouse motion, but human pacing across a whole session is something you supply.
- The velocity you create yourself. Hammering one endpoint from one address is a signal you generate no matter how real the browser looks.
So the honest framing: invisible_playwright is designed to look like a real browser driven by a real person, which is why it passes most fingerprint, TLS and driver-layer checks. It does not, on its own, fix your IP, your quotas or your behaviour - and any tool that tells you it makes you "undetectable" is selling you the part that no browser can deliver.
zendriver is a strong answer to one layer: it drives real Chrome over CDP and removes the artifacts that announce automation. If your blocks are driver-shaped and you are committed to Chrome, that may be all you need.
invisible_playwright answers a different and deeper layer. It is a real Firefox,
patched so that canvas, WebGL, audio, navigator and TLS are seed-consistent
with one another, driven by stock Playwright with no API to relearn. That
cross-surface consistency is what carries you past the checks that compare
surfaces rather than reading a single flag. Pair it with a clean IP and human
pacing, which is the work neither tool does for you, and the browser stops being
the weak link.
Does zendriver make me undetectable? No. It removes the webdriver and Selenium-era tells from CDP-driven Chrome, which is real and useful, but it does not ship a coherent cross-surface fingerprint and it does not touch your IP or behaviour.
What is the core difference from invisible_playwright? zendriver drives real Chrome over CDP with the driver tells removed. invisible_playwright drives a patched real Firefox whose canvas, WebGL, audio, navigator and TLS surfaces are seed-consistent with each other.
Do I have to rewrite my Playwright code? For invisible_playwright, no - it
returns a real Playwright Browser and every method works unchanged. zendriver
has its own async API rather than Playwright's.
Will either one fix my IP getting blocked? No. IP reputation, quotas and rate limits are server-side and address-side. Bring a clean proxy; the browser layer cannot fix the exit.
Why does fingerprint consistency matter more than "no webdriver"? Because strong detectors compare values that must agree. Removing the webdriver flag does nothing about a canvas hash that contradicts the WebGL renderer; a seed-consistent browser is what keeps those in agreement.
Chrome or Firefox for stealth? Neither wins by engine alone. What matters is whether the surfaces are consistent and the driver layer is clean, which is a longer comparison in its own right.
- zendriver's own repository and README, read from source, for its status as a maintained async nodriver fork, its CDP-over-Chrome architecture, and its removal of the WebDriver and chromedriver layers.
- This project's release gates and fingerprint-consistency checks, for the cross-surface behaviour described above.
- The public detection suites named on the testing page, read from their own source rather than their rendered verdicts.
See also: invisible_playwright vs nodriver and undetected-chromedriver for the rest of the Chrome-CDP lineage, and the checklist for being detected on one site for working out which layer is actually blocking you.
Written while maintaining invisible_playwright, a Firefox patched at the C++ level driven by stock Playwright. The comparison is architectural, not a put-down: zendriver does its layer well, and the honest caveat about IP, quotas and behaviour applies to both.
Documentation
Guides
-
Browser Identity
- navigator.webdriver is not the tell you think it is
- hardwareConcurrency, deviceMemory and storage quota
- Screen size and viewport tells in headless browsers
- Playwright headless vs headed: what detectors see
- Playwright User Agent: Why You Should Not Set It
- Client Hints and Sec-Fetch: headers that must agree
- Codec fingerprinting: canPlayType and MediaCapabilities
- Permissions API: the two answers that must agree
- CSS fingerprinting: what media queries reveal
- What privacy.resistFingerprinting actually does
- speechSynthesis.getVoices() returns an empty array
- Browser extensions are a fingerprint surface
- BFCache and pageshow.persisted under browser automation
- Service workers, storage partitioning and automation
- Web Workers: where page-level fingerprint patches fail
- fake-useragent is archived: what changes and what doesn't
- navigator.buildID and the stale build date tell
- navigator.maxTouchPoints and pointer consistency
- navigator.platform and oscpu on a spoofed OS
- navigator.vendor and productSub: the Firefox tells
- Accept-Language header vs navigator.languages
- window.devicePixelRatio: the pref that spoofs it
- Can you be fingerprinted in incognito mode?
- Is changing the user agent enough to avoid detection?
- Can a website tell you are running on a server?
- Can two devices share a browser fingerprint?
- Does clearing cookies stop fingerprint tracking?
- Color-gamut and HDR media queries as a fingerprint
- Battery API fingerprint: does Firefox expose it?
- Is navigator.connection a fingerprint in Firefox?
- Can the Gamepad API fingerprint or detect a bot?
- Do accelerometer and gyroscope APIs leak on desktop?
- prefers-reduced-motion and other OS-setting tells
- Does storage quota estimate reveal disk size?
- Can scrollbar width reveal my operating system?
-
Canvas, WebGL, Fonts and Audio
- Canvas fingerprint noise: why per-call randomising fails
- Firefox WebGL renderer strings: what ANGLE reports
- WebGL parameters: the numbers are the same on every GPU
- Your renderer string says NVIDIA. Your pixels say software.
- Why headless browsers render different fonts
- How to make Linux and macOS report real Windows fonts
- measureText and TextMetrics as a fingerprinting surface
- AudioContext fingerprinting, and why adding noise backfired
- Canvas and WebGL fingerprints, identical across OSes
- Emoji fingerprinting: why emoji look the same on any OS
- Detecting installed fonts in JavaScript by width
- WebGL shader precision as a fingerprint surface
- AudioContext sampleRate and latency as a fingerprint
- Is WebGPU a browser fingerprint?
-
Network, Proxy and WebRTC
- WebRTC leak with a proxy in Playwright and Selenium
- WebRTC ICE candidate spoofing: the fields that give it away
- Playwright proxy in Python: per-context, and what leaks
- Playwright proxy not working? SOCKS5 auth in Python
- Playwright timezone does not match the proxy IP
- JA3 and JA4: why a TLS fingerprint cannot be patched
- Playwright in Docker: it runs, and still gets blocked
- Web scraping keeps getting blocked with good proxies
- Python web scraping blocked? The TLS fingerprint reason
- SOCKS5 vs HTTP proxy: what each does in the browser
- WebRTC IPv6 leak: why a proxy does not stop it
- HTTP/2 fingerprint: the layer above the TLS handshake
- TLS fingerprint vs User-Agent: the contradiction
- WebRTC has no ICE candidates behind a proxy
- WebRTC IP that matches the proxy exit, by design
- How to check if a proxy leaks your real IP
- about:webrtc: read your real ICE candidates
- Offline timezone resolution from a proxy exit IP
- Residential vs datacenter vs mobile proxies explained
- Sticky vs rotating proxy sessions: which to use
- Does a proxy leak DNS? DoH and DNS leaks explained
- HTTP/3 and QUIC fingerprint: what a site sees
- What is ASN and IP reputation in bot detection?
- What does a mobile carrier IP look like to a site?
- IPv6 vs IPv4: which does your proxy expose?
- Geolocation API vs IP location: keep them consistent
- Does chaining two proxies help avoid detection?
-
The Automation Layer
- Function.prototype.toString and the [native code] check
- The ChromeDriver
cdc_variable, and why renaming it fails - Why an attached debugger makes automation detectable
- Execution context was destroyed, and when it means detection
- Human-like mouse movement: Bezier curves are the easy part
- Why a Playwright upgrade broke 97 of 133 tests overnight
- Playwright persistent profile: what it fixes and breaks
- Why humanized mouse movement can fail on hover()
- Why content_frame() returns None for a cross-origin iframe
- Orphaned Firefox processes on Windows: the killed-runner leak
- Firefox launches but Playwright can't drive it: packaging gap
- Why automating login is riskier than reusing a session
- Playwright new_page vs new_context: the viewport tell
- Playwright dialog and popup handling without a tell
- Playwright download files with Firefox and the tell
- Playwright connect_over_cdp does not work with Firefox
- Playwright mobile emulation on Firefox and isMobile
- Playwright isTrusted: are automated clicks real?
- Playwright set_input_files uploads and the tell
- Can websites detect Playwright? What is actually visible
- Does Playwright Set navigator.webdriver to True?
- Does Playwright Leave Traces a Website Can See?
- Does Playwright Change My Browser Fingerprint?
- Can I Use My Real Browser Profile With Playwright?
- Does Playwright Support Firefox Stealth?
- Is Playwright Firefox Harder to Detect Than Chromium?
- Does Playwright Get Detected on the First Request?
- Why Playwright's bundled Firefox is easy to detect
- ghost-cursor human mouse paths with Playwright
- Stock Playwright, patched Firefox: how they connect
- Intercept and mock network requests with page.route
- Record and replay HTTP traffic with HAR in Playwright
- Record a Playwright trace to debug a failed scrape
- Record a video of a Playwright browser session
- Save and reuse login with storage_state in Playwright
- Read and set cookies in a Playwright context
- Set geolocation and permissions per Playwright context
- Handle HTTP basic auth in Playwright (http_credentials)
- Isolate identities with a browser context per session
- Drag and drop elements in Playwright with drag_to
- When to use an HTTP client vs a real browser
- Migrating from requests + BeautifulSoup to a browser
-
AI Agents and Frameworks
- AI browser agents and stealth: what fits and what does not
- browser-use gets detected: what you can and cannot change
- crawl4ai stealth mode and custom browser engines
- Give a LangChain agent an invisible_playwright browser
- Feed invisible_playwright pages into a RAG index
- Computer-use agents and browser fingerprint detection
- Give an MCP browser server a stealth Firefox engine
- Give each AI agent a reproducible browser identity
- Run parallel browser agents with distinct fingerprints
- Why AI browser agents have their own timing signal
- Running an AI browser agent headless on a server
- Give a browser agent a persistent logged-in session
- smolagents: hand the agent an invisible_playwright tool
- Stagehand and stealth: why a Firefox engine won't drop in
- DOM-reading vs screenshot agents: which stealth helps
- Back a computer-use agent with a real browser engine
- AI agent retry loops trip rate limits, not fingerprints
-
Detectors, Explained
- What bot.sannysoft.com actually checks, row by row
- How CreepJS decides you are lying
- What BotD actually detects, and what it does not
- Why a FingerprintJS visitor ID changes
- reCAPTCHA v3 score: why a fresh browser scores badly
- BrowserLeaks canvas and WebGL hash, explained
- What BrowserLeaks actually tests, surface by surface
- Browser trust scores explained: what the number means
- How do websites detect bots?
- What is a browser fingerprint?
- What data does a website collect about your browser?
- Does a VPN stop browser fingerprinting?
- Do websites know you are using a script?
- How accurate is browser fingerprinting?
- Can a website detect a virtual machine?
- Can websites detect a datacenter or proxy IP?
- getClientRects fingerprinting: subpixel geometry as ID
- Notification.permission as a bot-detection signal
- speechSynthesis voices as a cross-platform fingerprint
- Can a website detect typing by keystroke timing?
- Can a website detect Clipboard API access?
- What are mouse-dynamics behavioural biometrics?
-
Testing and Troubleshooting
- How to test bot detection without a false pass
- Playwright detected as a bot: the checklist to fix it
- Firefox preferences that silently do nothing
- Slow browser launch: a per-request timeout is not a budget
- Playwright screenshot returns noise: readback fix
- Canvas fingerprint changes every run: use a seed
- Playwright TargetClosedError: the causes and the fixes
- Why am I blocked with a clean fingerprint?
- Why Does My Playwright Script Get Blocked?
- Is Playwright headless detectable? What sites check
- Can You Run Playwright Without Being Detected?
- Why Playwright Works Locally but Fails in the Cloud
- Does Playwright Trigger reCAPTCHA More Often?
-
Scraping with Playwright
- How to scrape without getting blocked
- How to scrape a site that blocks headless browsers
- How to scrape infinite scroll pages with Playwright
- How to rotate proxies when scraping with Playwright
- How to scrape data behind a login with Playwright
- How to run Playwright in Docker without getting detected
- How to use invisible_playwright in Docker
- Playwright bot detection: how to avoid it in Python
- How to scrape paginated pages with Playwright
- How to download files with Playwright
- How to upload files with Playwright, and verify it landed
- How to handle cookie consent banners in Playwright
- How to handle popups and modals in Playwright
- How to take full-page screenshots with Playwright
- How to generate a PDF with Playwright and Firefox
- How to wait for content to load in Playwright
- How to retry failed requests when scraping Playwright
- How to scrape pages in parallel with Playwright
- How to rate limit your own Playwright scraper
- How to scrape HTML tables with Playwright
- How to scrape iframe content with Playwright
- How to scrape shadow DOM content with Playwright
- How to capture XHR and API responses in Playwright
- How to scrape geotargeted content with Playwright
- How to scrape real estate listings with Playwright
- How to scrape job postings with Playwright
- How to scrape e-commerce product pages with Playwright
- How to track product prices with Playwright
- How to scrape hotel room prices with Playwright
- How to scrape flight prices with Playwright
- How to scrape classifieds listings with Playwright
- How to scrape vacation rental listings with Playwright
- How to scrape car listings with Playwright
- How to scrape apartment rentals with Playwright
- How to track product stock and restocks with Playwright
- How to scrape location-based store prices with Playwright
- How to scrape flexible-date fare calendars with Playwright
- How to scrape product reviews with Playwright
- How to scrape reviews and ratings with Playwright
- How to scrape news article text with Playwright
- How to scrape business directory listings with Playwright
- How to scrape event and ticket listings with Playwright
- How to scrape restaurant menu data with Playwright
- How to scrape stock and financial data with Playwright
- How to scrape social media profiles with Playwright
- How to scrape forum and community threads with Playwright
- How to scrape image galleries with Playwright
- How to scrape video listings and metadata with Playwright
- How to scrape map-based local results with Playwright
- How to scrape sports scores and stats with Playwright
- How to scrape cryptocurrency prices with Playwright
- How to scrape deals and coupon codes with Playwright
- How to scrape to CSV with Playwright
- How to scrape to JSON Lines with Playwright
- How to scrape into a SQLite database with Playwright
- How to export scraped data to Excel with Playwright
- How to extract JSON-LD structured data with Playwright
- How to extract Open Graph and meta tags with Playwright
- How to extract links and build a crawl frontier in Playwright
- How to scrape RSS and Atom feeds with Playwright
- How to download images in bulk with Playwright
- How to extract clean article text with Playwright
- How to scrape a sitemap.xml with Playwright
- How to scrape into a pandas DataFrame with Playwright
- How to clean scraped prices and dates with Playwright
- Scrape search results by driving a form in Playwright
- Scrape a map-based search with Playwright
- Scrape autocomplete and typeahead inputs with Playwright
- Scrape date-picker calendars with Playwright
- Crawl list pages to detail pages with Playwright
- Scrape lazy-loaded images with Playwright
- Extract data from canvas charts with Playwright
- Scrape a multi-step wizard flow with Playwright
- How to resume an interrupted scrape with Playwright
- Incremental scraping: only new items since last run
- Handle 403 and 429 backoff mid-scrape in Playwright
- Scrape load-more button pages with Playwright
- Scrape nested pagination with Playwright
- Scrape an SPA that changes URL via history API
- Use BeautifulSoup with invisible_playwright
- Run stealth Playwright tests with pytest fixtures
- Run invisible_playwright concurrently with asyncio
- Run invisible_playwright in GitHub Actions CI
- Can you run invisible_playwright serverless?
- Run invisible_playwright in Celery task workers
- Schedule invisible_playwright scrapes with cron
- Run invisible_playwright headful on a server with Xvfb
- Use invisible_playwright in an Airflow DAG
- Combine invisible_playwright with httpx for speed
- Wrap invisible_playwright in a FastAPI service
- Run invisible_playwright in a Jupyter notebook
- Block images to speed up scraping (and when not to)
- Wait for a specific API response in Playwright
Comparisons
- Playwright stealth in Python: three levels that work
- Firefox or Chromium for anti-detect automation
- Chromium is not Chrome, and detectors know the difference
- Playwright stealth vs Camoufox: two patched Firefoxes
- Playwright stealth vs Patchright: driver vs engine
- Playwright stealth vs undetected-chromedriver and nodriver
- playwright-stealth vs a patched engine: page vs browser
- puppeteer-extra-plugin-stealth: unmaintained since 2024
- selenium-stealth hasn't been updated since December 2021
- pyppeteer's own maintainer says to switch to Playwright
- invisible_playwright vs rebrowser-patches: the same CDP fix
- invisible_playwright vs fingerprint-suite: injection vs engine
- invisible_playwright vs playwright-with-fingerprints
- invisible_playwright vs Scrapling
- invisible_playwright vs Ulixee Hero
- invisible_playwright vs SeleniumBase UC Mode
- Splash is unmaintained, and it was never a real browser
- invisible_playwright vs DrissionPage
- WebDriver BiDi vs CDP: does the new protocol hide you
- invisible_playwright vs hrequests
- zendriver vs invisible_playwright: Chrome CDP vs Firefox
- botasaurus vs invisible_playwright: framework vs library
- curl_cffi vs invisible_playwright: TLS client vs browser
- pydoll vs invisible_playwright: CDP without a driver
- selenium-driverless vs invisible_playwright stealth
- puppeteer-real-browser vs invisible_playwright
- Migrating from Selenium to Playwright for stealth
- Migrating from Puppeteer to Playwright for stealth
- undetected-chromedriver vs a patched Firefox browser
- scrapy-playwright vs a patched Firefox for stealth
- playwright-extra stealth plugins vs a patched browser
- tls-client vs a real browser: when TLS is enough
- Anti-detect browser or Playwright stealth: which you need
- undetected-playwright vs a patched Firefox binary
Integrations
- Using invisible_playwright with CodeceptJS
- Using invisible_playwright with Crawlee for Python
- Using invisible_playwright with Crawlee for JavaScript
- Using invisible_playwright with scrapy-playwright
- Using invisible_playwright with Robot Framework Browser
- Cypress, WebdriverIO, TestCafe and Nightwatch integration
- Using invisible_playwright with Microsoft's Playwright MCP
- Using the engine from Go, Java, C#, Ruby and Rust
docs/ source folder