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Structures, Records, Tuples and Comparison

Manual C# · Examples UO

struct — value type; class is a reference type. record specifies a type with convenient data equality semantics; record class and record struct are possible. with creates a copy of the record with the modified members, preserving the original object.

Simple example (Example.cs)

Save this example separately as Example.cs. Run it independently of the other examples on this page.

Example.cs:

// PROJECT-EXAMPLE
var original = new Item("ore", 1);
var copy = original with { Count = 3 };
System.Console.WriteLine($"{original.Count}:{copy.Count}");
record Item(string Name, int Count);

Result:

1:3

record Position(int X, int Y);
var first = new Position(10, 20);
var second = first with { X = 11 };
UO.Print($"First={first}, second={second}");

readonly record struct Point(int X, int Y);
var point = new Point(10, 20);
(int X, int Y) coordinates = (point.X, point.Y);
var (x, y) = coordinates;
UO.Print($"{x}, {y}");

A tuple groups multiple values ​​without a separate class declaration. Its element names improve readability, but do not create an independent new type. For native types, distinguish between reference equality, Equals, and the overloaded operator ==.

Official documentation: Structures, Records, Tuples and Comparison - Microsoft Learn.